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Despite impressive advances in large language models (LLMs), existing benchmarks often focus on single-turn or single-step tasks, failing to capture the kind of iterative reasoning required in real-world settings. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yiran Zhang , Mo Wang , Xiaoyang Li , Kaixuan Ren , Chencheng Zhu , Usman Naseem

Code decompilation analysis is a fundamental yet challenging task in malware reverse engineering, particularly due to the pervasive use of sophisticated obfuscation techniques. Although recent large language models (LLMs) have shown promise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Hamed Jelodar , Samita Bai , Tochukwu Emmanuel Nwankwo , Parisa Hamedi , Mohammad Meymani , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Ali A. Ghorbani

Code refactoring is a fundamental software engineering practice aimed at improving code quality and maintainability. Despite its importance, developers often neglect refactoring due to the significant time, effort, and resources it…

Large Language Models (LLMs) often rely on test-time scaling via parallel decoding (for example, 512 samples) to boost reasoning accuracy, but this incurs substantial compute. We introduce CoRefine, a confidence-guided self-refinement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chen Jin , Ryutaro Tanno , Tom Diethe , Philip Teare

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to real-world code generation, where functional correctness alone is insufficient for reliable deployment, developers also expect adherence to explicit requirements for robustness,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Sravani Gunnu , Shanmukha Guttula , Hima Patel

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in code translation, typically evaluated using benchmarks like CodeTransOcean and RepoTransBench. However, dependency-free benchmarks fail to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Guangsheng Ou , Mingwei Liu , Yuxuan Chen , Yanlin Wang , Xin Peng , Zibin Zheng

Existing code generation benchmarks for Large Language Models (LLMs) such as HumanEval and MBPP are designed to study LLMs' end-to-end performance, where the benchmarks feed a problem description in natural language as input and examine the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jiarong Wu , Songqiang Chen , Jialun Cao , Hau Ching Lo , Shing-Chi Cheung

Concerns about benchmark leakage in large language models for code (Code LLMs) have raised issues of data contamination and inflated evaluation metrics. The diversity and inaccessibility of many training datasets make it difficult to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hongzhou Rao , Yanjie Zhao , Wenjie Zhu , Ling Xiao , Meizhen Wang , Haoyu Wang

LLMs have become the mainstream approaches to code generation. Existing LLMs mainly employ autoregressive generation, i.e. generating code token-by-token from left to right. However, the underlying autoregressive generation has two…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Chengze Li , Yitong Zhang , Jia Li , Liyi Cai , Ge Li

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in software development, generating code that ranges from short snippets to substantial project components. As AI-generated code becomes more common in real-world repositories, it is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Tianhao Mao , Dongfang Zhao , Haixu Tang , Xiaofeng Wang , Hang Zhang

How to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) in code generation remains an open question. Existing benchmarks have two limitations - data leakage and lack of domain-specific evaluation. The former hurts the fairness of benchmarks, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jia Li , Ge Li , Xuanming Zhang , Yunfei Zhao , Yihong Dong , Zhi Jin , Binhua Li , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in code generation. However, existing benchmarks mainly formalize the task as a static, single-turn problem, overlooking the stepwise requirement changes and iterative workflows…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zexun Zhan , Shuzheng Gao , Ruida Hu , Cuiyun Gao

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents both challenges and opportunities for Natural Language Processing (NLP) education. This paper introduces ``Vibe Coding,'' a pedagogical approach that leverages LLMs as coding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hend Al-Khalifa

Recent progress in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) has significantly enhanced the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), empowering them to tackle increasingly complex tasks through reflection capabilities, such as making…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Jianghao Chen , Zhenlin Wei , Zhenjiang Ren , Ziyong Li , Jiajun Zhang

Large language models (LMs) of code have recently shown tremendous promise in completing code and synthesizing code from natural language descriptions. However, the current state-of-the-art code LMs (e.g., Codex (Chen et al., 2021)) are not…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Frank F. Xu , Uri Alon , Graham Neubig , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

In real world, large language models (LLMs) can serve as the assistant to help users accomplish their jobs, and also support the development of advanced applications. For the wide application of LLMs, the inference efficiency is an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Yushuo Chen , Tianyi Tang , Erge Xiang , Linjiang Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jing Wang , Yunpeng Chai , Ji-Rong Wen

Thinking Large Language Models (LLMs) generate explicit intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, potentially improving transparency, interpretability, and solution accuracy for code generation. However, the quality of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in software engineering to generate, complete, translate, and fix code, improving developer productivity. While most research focuses on the energy consumption and carbon emissions of model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sabiya Banu Masthan Ali , Oussema Kirmani , Aroosa Hameed , Syed Muhammad Danish , Gautam Srivastava

In this study, we investigated the effects of self-reflection in large language models (LLMs) on problem-solving performance. We instructed nine popular LLMs to answer a series of multiple-choice questions to provide a performance baseline.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Matthew Renze , Erhan Guven

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance on code generation. Although prior studies enhanced LLMs with prompting techniques and code refinement, they still struggle with complex programming problems due to rigid…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Huan Zhang , Wei Cheng , Yuhan Wu , Wei Hu