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As comprehensive large model evaluation becomes prohibitively expensive, predicting model performance from limited observations has become essential. However, existing statistical methods struggle with pattern shifts, data sparsity, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xiaoxiao Wang , Chunxiao Li , Junying Wang , Yijin Guo , Zijian Chen , Chunyi Li , Xiaohong Liu , Zicheng Zhang , Guangtao Zhai

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for knowledge synthesis, yet their capacity for compositional generalization in scientific knowledge remains under-characterized. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on single-turn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Gong Zhiren , Tiantong Wu , Jiaming Zhang , Fuyao Zhang , Che Wang , Yurong Hao , Yikun Hou , Foo Ping , Yilei Zhao , Fei Huang , Chau Yuen , Wei Yang Bryan Lim

Providing plausible responses to why questions is a challenging but critical goal for language based human-machine interaction. Explanations are challenging in that they require many different forms of abstract knowledge and reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Allen Nie , Erin D. Bennett , Noah D. Goodman

Automatically generating scripts (i.e. sequences of key steps described in text) from video demonstrations and reasoning about the subsequent steps are crucial to the modern AI virtual assistants to guide humans to complete everyday tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Jingyuan Qi , Minqian Liu , Ying Shen , Zhiyang Xu , Lifu Huang

Due to their architecture and vast pre-training data, large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong text classification performance. However, LLM output - here, the category assigned to a text - depends heavily on the wording of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Kylie L. Anglin , Stephanie Milan , Brittney Hernandez , Claudia Ventura

Evaluating LLM-generated text has become a key challenge, especially in domain-specific contexts like the medical field. This work introduces a novel evaluation methodology for LLM-generated medical explanatory arguments, relying on Proxy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Iker De la Iglesia , Iakes Goenaga , Johanna Ramirez-Romero , Jose Maria Villa-Gonzalez , Josu Goikoetxea , Ander Barrena

Developing the required technology to assist medical experts in their everyday activities is currently a hot topic in the Artificial Intelligence research field. Thus, a number of large language models (LLMs) and automated benchmarks have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Iakes Goenaga , Aitziber Atutxa , Koldo Gojenola , Maite Oronoz , Rodrigo Agerri

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) still perform poorly on scientific tasks, particularly those requiring multi-step and interpretable reasoning. Their limitations include insufficient scientific reasoning patterns, lack of global…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Chenglin Zhu , Tao Zhang , Chong Li , Mingan Lin , Zenan Zhou , Jian Xie

Despite progress in comment-aware multimodal and multilingual summarization for English and Chinese, research in Indian languages remains limited. This study addresses this gap by introducing COSMMIC, a pioneering comment-sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Raghvendra Kumar , S. A. Mohammed Salman , Aryan Sahu , Tridib Nandi , Pragathi Y. P. , Sriparna Saha , Jose G. Moreno

In this paper, we introduce BMMR, a large-scale bilingual, multimodal, multi-disciplinary reasoning dataset for the community to develop and evaluate large multimodal models (LMMs). BMMR comprises 110k college-level questions spanning 300…

Developing effective prompts demands significant cognitive investment to generate reliable, high-quality responses from Large Language Models (LLMs). By deploying case-specific prompt engineering techniques that streamline frequently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Valentin Romanov , Steven A Niederer

Generating accurate code review comments remains a significant challenge due to the inherently diverse and non-unique nature of the task output. Large language models pretrained on both programming and natural language data tend to perform…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Md. Asif Haider , Ayesha Binte Mostofa , Sk. Sabit Bin Mosaddek , Anindya Iqbal , Toufique Ahmed

Assessing writing in large classes for formal or informal learners presents a significant challenge. Consequently, most large classes, particularly in science, rely on objective assessment tools such as multiple-choice quizzes, which have a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Chris Impey , Matthew Wenger , Nikhil Garuda , Shahriar Golchin , Sarah Stamer

Effective feedback is essential for fostering students' success in scientific inquiry. With advancements in artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) offer new possibilities for delivering instant and adaptive feedback. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kathrin Seßler , Arne Bewersdorff , Claudia Nerdel , Enkelejda Kasneci

In the domain of education, the integration of,technology has led to a transformative era, reshaping traditional,learning paradigms. Central to this evolution is the automation,of grading processes, particularly within the STEM domain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Rajlaxmi Patil , Aditya Ashutosh Kulkarni , Ruturaj Ghatage , Sharvi Endait , Geetanjali Kale , Raviraj Joshi

Despite the growing adoption of large language models (LLMs) in academic workflows, their capabilities remain limited in supporting high-quality scientific writing. Most existing systems are designed for general-purpose scientific text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Nuo Chen , Andre Lin HuiKai , Jiaying Wu , Junyi Hou , Zining Zhang , Qian Wang , Xidong Wang , Bingsheng He

Many complex discourse-level tasks can aid domain experts in their work but require costly expert annotations for data creation. To speed up and ease annotations, we investigate the viability of automatically generated annotation…

Deep learning-based expert models have reached superhuman performance in decision-making domains such as chess and Go. However, it is under-explored to explain or comment on given decisions although it is important for model explainability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jaechang Kim , Jinmin Goh , Inseok Hwang , Jaewoong Cho , Jungseul Ok

While large language models (LLMs) can already achieve strong performance on standard generic summarization benchmarks, their performance on more complex summarization task settings is less studied. Therefore, we benchmark LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Yixin Liu , Alexander R. Fabbri , Jiawen Chen , Yilun Zhao , Simeng Han , Shafiq Joty , Pengfei Liu , Dragomir Radev , Chien-Sheng Wu , Arman Cohan

We explore the automatic generation of interactive, scenario-based lessons designed to train novice human tutors who teach middle school mathematics online. Employing prompt engineering through a Retrieval-Augmented Generation approach with…