Related papers: Universal Scaling Laws in Freeway Traffic
The evolution of oscillations is a very important issue in traffic flow studies. A recent car-following experiment (Experiment-I) showed that the speed standard deviation grows in a concave way along a platoon of vehicles following one…
Experimental studies on vehicular traffic provide data on quantities like density, flux, and mean speed of the vehicles. However, the diagrams relating these variables (the fundamental and speed diagrams) show some peculiarities not yet…
We develop a probabilistic framework for global modeling of the traffic over a computer network. This model integrates existing single-link (-flow) traffic models with the routing over the network to capture the global traffic behavior. It…
Traffic flow prediction is an important research issue for solving the traffic congestion problem in an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Traffic congestion is one of the most serious problems in a city, which can be predicted in…
Traffic flow at low densities (free traffic) is characterized by a quasi-one-dimensional relation between traffic flow and vehicle density, while no such fundamental diagram exists for `synchronized' congested traffic flow. Instead, a…
We review the current understanding on universal behaviors in granular flows through a vertical pipe and traffic flows. We carry out weakly nonlinear analysis of a model for traffic flows based on the technique of soliton perturbations, and…
The macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) is a large scale description of the traffic in a urban area and relates the average car flow to the average car density. This MFD has been observed empirically in several cities but how its…
We study the tolerance to congestion failures in communication networks with scale-free topology. The traffic load carried by each damaged element in the network must be partly or totally redistributed among the remaining elements.…
An essential requirement for scenario-based testing the identification of critical scenes and their associated scenarios. However, critical scenes, such as collisions, occur comparatively rarely. Accordingly, large amounts of data must be…
A microscopic criterion for distinguishing synchronized flow and wide moving jam phases in single vehicle data measured at a single freeway location is presented. Empirical local congested traffic states in single vehicle data measured on…
The basic properties of traffic flow are analyzed using a simple deterministic one dimensional "car following model" with continuous variables based on a model introduced by Nagel and Herrmann [Physica A 199 254--269 (1993)] including a few…
Routing choices of walking pedestrians in geometrically complex environments are regulated by the interplay of a multitude of factors such as local crowding, (estimated) time to destination, (perceived) comfort. As individual choices…
This paper is concerned with a fluidodynamic model for traffic flow. More precisely, we consider a single conservation law, deduced from conservation of the number of cars, defined on a road network that is a collection of roads with…
Buoyancy-driven convection in porous media governs heat and mass transport in a wide range of natural and engineered systems, from groundwater aquifers and geothermal reservoirs to carbon storage in geological formations and flows through…
Traffic congestion has become one of the most critical issues worldwide. The costs due to traffic gridlock and jams are approximately $160 billion in the United States, more than {\pounds}13 billion in the United Kingdom, and over one…
In the optimal velocity model with a time lag, we show that there appear multiple exact solutions in some ranges of car density, describing a uniform flow, a stable and an unstable congested flows. This establishes the presence of…
Traffic flow is a very prominent example of a driven non-equilibrium system. A characteristic phenomenon of traffic dynamics is the spontaneous and abrupt drop of the average velocity on a stretch of road leading to congestion. Such a…
Despite the availability of large empirical data sets and the long history of traffic modeling, the theory of traffic congestion on freeways is still highly controversial. In this contribution, we compare Kerner's three-phase traffic theory…
Every driver knows that severe weather conditions cause traffic congestions. In many cases there is no direct reason for the congestion, and people tend to attribute it to the slow driving mode. Our computational study shows that the slow…
The Static User Equilibrium is a powerful framework for the theoretical study of traffic. Despite the restricting assumption of stationary flows that intuitively limit its application to real traffic systems, many operational models…