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Plasma shape control in tokamaks requires a real-time controller that tracks dynamically changing shape targets while tolerating diagnostic failures. Classical approaches decompose the problem into equilibrium reconstruction followed by a…
Negative triangularity tokamak plasmas feature naturally enhanced confinement in the so-called L-mode regime, irrespective of the power of external heating. This is in contrast to conventional scenarios, which require exceeding a given…
Neural ordinary differential equations (Neural ODEs) define continuous time dynamical systems with neural networks. The interest in their application for modelling has sparked recently, spanning hybrid system identification problems and…
Real-time control of tokamak plasmas encompasses sustaining a high-performance stationary state, avoiding disruptions, and managing ramp-up and ramp-down phases. Real-time estimation and control of electron density is fundamental for…
A control oriented, lumped parameter model for the tokamak transformer including the slow flux penetration in the plasma (skin effect transformer model) is presented. The model does not require detailed or explicit information about plasma…
The principle behind magnetic fusion is to confine high temperature plasma inside a device in such a way that the nuclei of deuterium and tritium joining together can release energy. The high temperatures generated needs the plasma to be…
Fusion-graded plasmas are one of the physically complex systems, resulting in continuous establishment of plasma theories for unclarified physical phenomena in order to thoroughly control nuclear fusion reactors. Deep learning has drawn…
Modern Tokamaks have evolved from the initial axisymmetric circular plasma shape to an elongated axisymmetric plasma shape that improves the energy confinement time and the triple product, which is a generally used figure of merit for the…
The physical sciences require models tailored to specific nuances of different dynamics. In this work, we study outcome predictions in nuclear fusion tokamaks, where a major challenge are \textit{disruptions}, or the loss of plasma…
Grid decarbonization for climate change requires dispatchable carbon-free energy like nuclear fusion. The tokamak concept offers a promising path for fusion, but one of the foremost challenges in implementation is the occurrence of…
Although optimal control problems of dynamical systems can be formulated within the framework of variational calculus, their solution for complex systems is often analytically and computationally intractable. In this Letter we present a…
Most recent advances in machine learning and analytics for process control pose the question of how to naturally integrate new data-driven methods with classical process models and control. We propose a process modeling framework enabling…
The dynamic interplay between the core and the edge plasma has important consequences in the confinement and heating of fusion plasma. The transport of the Scrape-Off-Layer (SOL) plasma imposes boundary conditions on the core plasma, and…
A limit for the edge density, ruled by radiation losses from light impurities, is established by a minimal cylindrical magneto-thermal equilibrium model. For ohmic tokamak and reversed field pinch the limit scales linearly with the plasma…
Controlling instability in plasma is one of the central challenges in fusion energy research. Among the various sources of instability, kinetic effects play a significant role. In this work, we aim to suppress the instability induced by…
In reactor-grade tokamaks, pellet injection is the best candidate for core plasma fuelling. However, density control schemes that can handle the hybrid nature of this type of fuelling, i.e., the discrete impact of the pellets on the…
An international experiment, ITER is proposed as the next essential and critical step on the path to demonstrating the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion energy. ITER would give unique opportunities to explore, in reactor…
The ion temperature behavior in the plasma core of the spherical tokamak Globus-M (major radius 0.36 m, minor radius 0.24 m, torus aspect ratio 1.5, toroidal magnetic field near the plasma axis 0.4 T, plasma current up to 0.3 MA) was…
In magnetic confinement fusion devices like tokamaks, it is crucial to confine the high energy fusion-born helium nuclei ($\alpha$-particles) to maintain the energy equilibrium of the plasma. However, energetic ions can excite various…
The simulation of turbulence in the boundary region of a tokamak is crucial for understanding and optimizing the performance of fusion reactors. In this work, the use of low-rank linear algebra techniques is shown to enhance the efficiency…