Related papers: Pseudo-gauge invariant non-equilibrium density ope…
The non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and kinetic theory for a model of a confined quasi-two-dimensional gas of inelastic hard spheres is presented. The dynamics of the particles includes an effective mechanism to transfer the energy…
In this note we discuss local gauge-invariant operators in noncommutative gauge theories. Inspired by the connection of these theories with the Matrix model, we give a simple construction of a complete set of gauge-invariant operators. We…
There is a long-standing question as to whether and to what extent it is possible to describe nonequilibrium systems in stationary states in terms of global thermodynamic functions. The positive answers have been obtained only for…
In stationary spacetimes global equilibrium states can be defined, applying the maximum entropy principle, by the introduction of local thermodynamic fields determined solely by geometry. As an example, we study a class of equilibrium…
Within the framework of relativistic quantum field theory, a novel method is established which allows to distinguish non-equilibrium states admitting locally a thermodynamic interpretation. The basic idea is to compare these states with…
In this article, we propose a Lyapunov stability approach to analyze the convergence of the density operator of a quantum system. In analog to the classical probability measure for Markovian processes, we show that the set of invariant…
We propose a gauge invariant formulation of the effective potential in terms of a gauge invariant order parameter, for the Abelian Higgs model. The one-loop contribution at zero and finite temperature is computed explicitly, and the leading…
In the example of $R^2+T^2$ gravity on the unit two dimensional disk we demonstrate that in the presence of an independent spin connection it is possible to define local gauge invariant boundary conditions even on boundaries which are not…
We establish the conditioned stochastic stability of equilibrium states for H\"older potentials on uniformly hyperbolic sets. While standard stochastic stability characterises measures on attractors, we analyse the statistics of transient…
The extension of equilibrium thermodynamics to non-equilibrium systems is based on the assumption of "local equilibrium," followed by the assumption that an entropy-density function may be defined, and that this entropy-density would have…
Nonequilibrium equations of state can provide an effective thermodynamic-like description of far-from-equilibrium systems. We experimentally construct such an equation for a direct energy cascade in a turbulent two-dimensional Bose gas. Our…
Contrary to the conventional view point of quantization that breaks the gauge symmetry, a gauge invariant formulation of quantum electrodynamics is proposed. Instead of fixing the gauge, some frame is chosen to yield the locally invariant…
We formulate nonequilibrium thermodynamics in which intensive variables acquire operational meaning through measurement protocols consistent with local reciprocity. Using physical equilibrium as a reference, conjugate observables are…
Discussions are made on the relationship between physical states and gauge independence in QED. As the first candidate take the LSZ-asymptotic states in a covariant canonical formalism to investigate gauge independence of the (Belinfante's)…
The form of collinear gauge invariance for power suppressed operators in the soft-collinear effective theory is discussed. Using a field redefinition we show that it is possible to make any power suppressed ultrasoft-collinear operators…
Spin-currents and non-abelian gauge potentials in electronic systems can be treated by spin-current-density functional theory, whose main input is the exchange-correlation (xc) energy expressed as a functional of spin-currents. Constructing…
We consider macroscopic systems in weak contact with boundary reservoirs and under the action of external fields. We present an explicit formula for the Hamiltonian of such systems, from which we deduce the equation of motions, the action…
Regarding a recent dispute about the symmetry of the stress tensor of fluids, more considerations are presented. The usual proofs of this symmetry are reviewed, and contradictions between this symmetry and the mechanism of gas viscosity are…
A quantum spin system is discussed, where a heat flow between infinite reservoirs takes place in a finite region. A time dependent force may also be acting. Our analysis is based on a simple technical assumption concerning the time…
We study a simplified version of the Standard Electroweak Model and introduce the concept of the physical gauge invariant effective potential in terms of matrix elements of the Hamiltonian in physical states. This procedure allows an…