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Schr\"{o}dinger bridge can be viewed as a continuous-time stochastic control problem where the goal is to find an optimally controlled diffusion process whose terminal distribution coincides with a pre-specified target distribution. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-23 Jhanvi Garg , Xianyang Zhang , Quan Zhou

We characterize the Schr\"odinger bridge problems by a family of Mckean-Vlasov stochastic control problems with no terminal time distribution constraint. In doing so, we use the theory of Hilbert space embeddings of probability measures and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-10 Yumiharu Nakano

In this work, we revisit the discrete-time Schr\"{o}dinger Bridge (SB) and Density Steering (DS) problems for Gaussian mixture model (GMM) boundary distributions. Building on the existing literature, we construct a set of feasible Markovian…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 George Rapakoulias , Fengjiao Liu , Panagiotis Tsiotras

We consider the problem to identify the most likely flow in phase space, of (inertial) particles under stochastic forcing, that is in agreement with spatial (marginal) distributions that are specified at a set of points in time. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-02-25 Yongxin Chen , Giovanni Conforti , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Luigia Ripani

Understanding the continuous evolution of populations from discrete temporal snapshots is a critical research challenge, particularly in fields like developmental biology and systems medicine where longitudinal tracking of individual…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-21 Byoungwoo Park , Juho Lee

It is a crucial challenge to reconstruct population dynamics using unlabeled samples from distributions at coarse time intervals. Recent approaches such as flow-based models or Schr\"odinger Bridge (SB) models have demonstrated appealing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-06 Tianrong Chen , Guan-Horng Liu , Molei Tao , Evangelos A. Theodorou

In this paper, we explore quantitative stability of multi-marginal Schr\"odinger bridges with respect to the marginal constraints. We focus on the case where the number of marginal constraints is large (i.e. ``many-marginals"). When this…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Rentian Yao , Young-Heon Kim , Geoffrey Schiebinger

The Mean-Field Schrodinger Bridge (MFSB) problem is an optimization problem aiming to find the minimum effort control policy to drive a McKean-Vlassov stochastic differential equation from one probability measure to another. In the context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 George Rapakoulias , Ali Reza Pedram , Panagiotis Tsiotras

Schr\"{o}dinger bridge is a stochastic optimal control problem to steer a given initial state density to another, subject to controlled diffusion and deadline constraints. A popular method to numerically solve the Schr\"{o}dinger bridge…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Alexis M. H. Teter , Yongxin Chen , Abhishek Halder

Stochastic flows of an advective-diffusive nature are ubiquitous in physical sciences. Of particular interest is the problem to reconcile observed marginal distributions with a given prior posed by E. Schrodinger in 1932/32 and known as the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-08-09 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Michele Pavon

The solution of the path structured multimarginal Schr\"{o}dinger bridge problem (MSBP) is the most-likely measure-valued trajectory consistent with a sequence of observed probability measures or distributional snapshots. We leverage recent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-05 Georgiy A. Bondar , Robert Gifford , Linh Thi Xuan Phan , Abhishek Halder

The classical Schrodinger bridge seeks the most likely probability law for a diffusion process, in path space, that matches marginals at two end points in time; the likelihood is quantified by the relative entropy between the sought law and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Tryphon T. Georgiou , Michele Pavon

Schr\"odinger bridges (SBs) provide an elegant framework for modeling the temporal evolution of populations in physical, chemical, or biological systems. Such natural processes are commonly subject to changes in population size over time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Matteo Pariset , Ya-Ping Hsieh , Charlotte Bunne , Andreas Krause , Valentin De Bortoli

The Schr\"odinger Bridge (SB) problem offers a powerful framework for combining optimal transport and diffusion models. A promising recent approach to solve the SB problem is the Iterative Markovian Fitting (IMF) procedure, which alternates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Nikita Gushchin , Daniil Selikhanovych , Sergei Kholkin , Evgeny Burnaev , Alexander Korotin

Many natural dynamic processes -- such as in vivo cellular differentiation or disease progression -- can only be observed through the lens of static sample snapshots. While challenging, reconstructing their temporal evolution to decipher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Thomas Gravier , Thomas Boyer , Auguste Genovesio

The Schr\"odinger bridge problem (SBP) seeks to find the measure $\hat{\mathbf{P}}$ on a certain path space which interpolates between state-space distributions $\rho_0$ at time $0$ and $\rho_T$ at time $T$ while minimizing the KL…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-17 Andrei Zlotchevski , Linan Chen

Motivated by modern machine learning applications where we only have access to empirical measures constructed from finite samples, we relax the marginal constraints of the classical Schr\"odinger bridge problem by penalizing the transport…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Yifan Jiang , Renyuan Xu , Luhao Zhang

The purpose of the present work is to expand substantially the type of control and estimation problems that can be addressed following the paradigm of Schr\"odinger bridges, by incorporating termination (killing) of stochastic flows.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-24 Asmaa Eldesoukey , Olga Movilla Miangolarra , Tryphon T. Georgiou

Diffusion Schr\"odinger bridges (DSB) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for recovering stochastic dynamics via their marginal observations at different time points. Despite numerous successful applications, existing algorithms…

In this paper, we study averaging principles for a class of time-inhomogeneous stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with slow and fast time-scales, where the drift term in the fast component is time-dependent and only partially…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Xiaobin Sun , Jian Wang , Yingchao Xie
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