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Related papers: Little Red Dots As Late-stage Quasi-stars

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JWST has revealed a population of red, compact, high-redshift (${z\sim3-10}$) objects referred to as ``Little Red Dots'' (LRDs). These objects exhibit unusual spectral features reminiscent of stellar spectra with blackbody-like SEDs, large…

James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has uncovered a new population of compact objects that show a unique V-shaped spectral energy distribution (SED) in the UV and optical wavelength range. These so-called "little red dots" (LRDs) often…

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has uncovered an abundant population of compact, extremely red, and X-ray weak objects at $z\gtrsim4$, knows as ``Little Red Dots" (LRDs). These objects exhibit spectral energy distributions that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-29 Hai-Long Huang , Jun-Qian Jiang , Jibin He , Yu-Tong Wang , Yun-Song Piao

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has discovered a new population of objects, the Little Red Dots (LRDs), characterized by V-shaped spectra indicative of strong breaks around the Balmer limit and compact morphology that gave them their…

Little Red Dots (LRDs), newly identified compact and dusty galaxies with an unexpectedly high number density observed by JWST, have an unusual "V-shaped" rest-frame UV to near-infrared spectral energy distribution (SED). A group of…

Little Red Dots (LRDs), among the most enigmatic high-redshift discoveries by JWST, are commonly believed to be powered by accreting supermassive black holes. Here, we explore the possibility that these sources are globular clusters in…

The JWST discovery of "Little Red Dots" (LRDs) has revealed a population of compact, red sources at $z \sim 5-10$ that likely host supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Recent observations of the gravitationally lensed LRD R2211-RX1 reveal…

The discovery of Little Red Dots (LRDs) -- a population of compact, high-redshift, dust-reddened galaxies -- is one of the most surprising results from JWST. However, the nature of LRDs is still debated: does the near-infrared emission…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-14 Tonima Tasnim Ananna , Ákos Bogdán , Orsolya E. Kovács , Priyamvada Natarajan , Ryan C. Hickox

To investigate the rest-frame optical emission of "Little Red Dots", we model the formation of and evolution of quasi-stars, i.e. stellar envelopes supported by the accretion luminosity onto a central black hole, originating from rapidly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-24 J. Roman-Garza , D. Schaerer , C. Charbonnel , T. Fragos , E. Cenci , R. Marques-Chaves , P. Oesch , M. Xiao

Recent observations by the James Webb Space Telescope have uncovered a population of compact, red object ($z\sim 4\text{--}7$) known as little red dots (LRDs). The presence of broad Balmer emission lines indicates active galactic nuclei…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-03 Daisaburo Kido , Kunihito Ioka , Kenta Hotokezaka , Kohei Inayoshi , Christopher M. Irwin

Since the launch of James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in late 2021, our understanding of high-redshift objects has faced several upheavals. JWST has discovered much more massive galaxies and supermassive black holes (SMBH) than cosmological…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-05 David D Vaida , Ryan Jeffrey Farber

The ``Little Red Dots'' (LRDs) are red and compact galaxies detected in JWST deep fields, mainly in the redshift range $z=4-8$. Given their compactness and the inferred stellar masses in the hypothesis that LRDs are starburst galaxies, the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-08-29 Carl Audric Guia , Fabio Pacucci , Dale D. Kocevski

Little Red Dots, discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope, are hypothesized to be active galactic nuclei containing a supermassive black hole, possibly surrounded by a dense stellar cluster, large amounts of gas, and likely by a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-27 Konstantinos Kritos , Joseph Silk

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has uncovered many compact galaxies at high redshift with broad hydrogen and helium lines, including the enigmatic population of little red dots (LRDs). The nature of these galaxies is debated and is…

Little Red Dots (LRDs) are enigmatic, compact, red galaxies at high redshift, $z\sim 4$-$7$, discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope. Broad emission lines in the absence of X-ray and radio counterparts suggest that they host accreting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-29 Riku Kuze , Kunihito Ioka , Kohta Murase , Shigeo S. Kimura , Kohei Inayoshi

We propose an alternative physical interpretation and formation pathway for the recently discovered "little red dots" (LRDs). We model LRDs as super-massive stars (SMSs) surrounded by massive self-gravitating accretion discs (SMDs) that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-04 Lorenz Zwick , Christopher Tiede , Lucio Mayer

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed a previously unknown population of compact, red galaxies at $z \sim 5$, known as "Little Red Dots" (LRDs). With effective radii of $\sim 100$ pc and stellar masses of $10^9-10^{11} \,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-14 Fabio Pacucci , Lars Hernquist , Michiko Fujii

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has recently discovered a population of compact, red sources at z > 4 known as "Little Red Dots" (LRDs). They are characterized by their V-shaped continuum spectra and prominent broad Balmer emission…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-13 Weiyu Ding , Xu Kong , Wei-Jian Guo , Hu Zou , Jialai Wang , Fujia Li , Hongxin Zhang , Jie Song , Jingyi Zhang , Niu Li , Wen-Xiong Li

The discovery by JWST of a substantial population of compact "Little Red Dots" (LRDs) presents a major puzzle: their observed spectra defy standard astrophysical interpretations. Here, we show that LRD spectra are naturally reproduced by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-22 Fabio Pacucci , Andrea Ferrara , Dale D. Kocevski
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