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Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in integrating visual and linguistic information, but their performance is often constrained by the need for extensive, high-quality image-text training data. Curation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Giorgio Giannone , Ruoteng Li , Qianli Feng , Evgeny Perevodchikov , Rui Chen , Aleix Martinez

CLIP embeddings have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of multimodal applications. However, these high-dimensional, dense vector representations are not easily interpretable, limiting our understanding of the rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Usha Bhalla , Alex Oesterling , Suraj Srinivas , Flavio P. Calmon , Himabindu Lakkaraju

In zero-shot image recognition tasks, humans demonstrate remarkable flexibility in classifying unseen categories by composing known simpler concepts. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs), despite achieving significant progress…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Hui Liu , Wenya Wang , Kecheng Chen , Jie Liu , Yibing Liu , Tiexin Qin , Peisong He , Xinghao Jiang , Haoliang Li

We introduce UViM, a unified approach capable of modeling a wide range of computer vision tasks. In contrast to previous models, UViM has the same functional form for all tasks; it requires no task-specific modifications which require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Alexander Kolesnikov , André Susano Pinto , Lucas Beyer , Xiaohua Zhai , Jeremiah Harmsen , Neil Houlsby

Multi-site MRI studies often suffer from site-specific variations arising from differences in methodology, hardware, and acquisition protocols, thereby compromising accuracy and reliability in clinical AI/ML tasks. We present PRISM…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Sarang Galada , Tanurima Halder , Kunal Deo , Ram P Krish , Kshitij Jadhav

We present PRISM (Policy Reuse via Interpretable Strategy Mapping), a framework that grounds reinforcement learning agents' decisions in discrete, causally validated concepts and uses those concepts as a zero-shot transfer interface between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Thomas Pravetz

Recent deep learning-based methods for lossy image compression achieve competitive rate-distortion performance through extensive end-to-end training and advanced architectures. However, emerging applications increasingly prioritize semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Ruiqi Shen , Haotian Wu , Wenjing Zhang , Jiangjing Hu , Deniz Gunduz

Vision-language models (VLMs) typically encode substantially more visual tokens than text tokens, resulting in significant token redundancy. Pruning uninformative visual tokens is therefore crucial for improving computational efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Kai Zhao , Wubang Yuan , Yuchen Lin , Liting Ruan , Xiaofeng Lu , Deng-Ping Fan , Ming-Ming Cheng , Dan Zeng

Household environments are visually diverse. Embodied agents performing Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) in the wild must be able to handle this diversity, while also following arbitrary language instructions. Recently, Vision-Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Vishnu Sashank Dorbala , Gunnar Sigurdsson , Robinson Piramuthu , Jesse Thomason , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful representation learning systems that align visual observations with natural language concepts, offering new opportunities for semantic reasoning in safety-critical autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ross Greer , Maitrayee Keskar , Angel Martinez-Sanchez , Parthib Roy , Shashank Shriram , Mohan Trivedi

We present PRISM, a novel color-guided stratified sampling method for RGB-LiDAR point clouds. Our approach is motivated by the observation that unique scene features often exhibit chromatic diversity while repetitive, redundant features are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Hansol Lim , Minhyeok Im , Jongseong Brad Choi

Hallucinations in vision-language models (VLMs) hinder reliability and real-world applicability, usually stemming from distribution shifts between pretraining data and test samples. Existing solutions, such as retraining or fine-tuning on…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Fei Zhao , Chengcui Zhang , Runlin Zhang , Tianyang Wang , Xi Li

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved notable progress in computational pathology (CPath), the gigapixel scale and spatial heterogeneity of Whole Slide Images (WSIs) continue to pose challenges for multimodal understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Fengchun Liu , Songhan Jiang , Linghan Cai , Ziyue Wang , Yongbing Zhang

Prompt engineering is an effective but labor-intensive way to control text-to-image (T2I) generative models. Its time-intensive nature and complexity have spurred the development of algorithms for automated prompt generation. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yutong He , Alexander Robey , Naoki Murata , Yiding Jiang , Joshua Nathaniel Williams , George J. Pappas , Hamed Hassani , Yuki Mitsufuji , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , J. Zico Kolter

Despite the success of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP in aligning vision and language, their proficiency in detailed, fine-grained visual comprehension remains a key challenge. We present CLIP-IN, a novel framework that bolsters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ziteng Wang , Siqi Yang , Limeng Qiao , Lin Ma

Language-vision models like CLIP have made significant strides in vision tasks, such as zero-shot image classification (ZSIC). However, generating specific and expressive visual descriptions remains challenging; descriptions produced by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Michael Ogezi , Bradley Hauer , Grzegorz Kondrak

In the realms of computer vision and natural language processing, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become indispensable tools, proficient in generating textual responses based on visual inputs. Despite their advancements, our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 YiFan Zhang , Yang Shi , Weichen Yu , Qingsong Wen , Xue Wang , Wenjing Yang , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Rong Jin

We propose Context-Adaptive Multi-Prompt Embedding, a novel approach to enrich semantic representations in vision-language contrastive learning. Unlike standard CLIP-style models that rely on a single text embedding, our method introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Dahun Kim , Anelia Angelova

Recent advances in pre-trained Vision Language Models (VLM) have shown promising potential for effectively adapting to downstream tasks through prompt learning, without the need for additional annotated paired datasets. To supplement the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Sua Lee , Kyubum Shin , Jung Ho Park

As the real propagation environment becomes in creasingly complex and dynamic, millimeter wave beam prediction faces huge challenges. However, the powerful cross modal representation capability of vision-language model (VLM) provides a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Ji Wang , Bin Tang , Jian Xiao , Qimei Cui , Xingwang Li , Tony Q. S. Quek