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Autonomous vehicles (AVs) may use external interfaces, such as LED light bands, to communicate with pedestrians safely and intuitively. While previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of these interfaces in simple traffic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Tram Thi Minh Tran , Callum Parker , Martin Tomitsch

Over the recent years, there has been an explosion of studies on autonomous vehicles. Many collected large amount of data from human drivers. However, compared to the tedious data collection approach, building a virtual simulation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Zhijing Jin , Tristan Swedish , Ramesh Raskar

The majority of research on safety in autonomous vehicles has been conducted in structured and controlled environments. However, there is a scarcity of research on safety in unregulated pedestrian areas, especially when interacting with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Enrico Del Re , Novel Certad , Joshua Varughese , Cristina Olaverri-Monreal

Pedestrians and vehicles often share the road in complex inner city traffic. This leads to interactions between the vehicle and pedestrians, with each affecting the other's motion. In order to create robust methods to reason about…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Daniela A. Ridel , Nachiket Deo , Denis Wolf , Mohan M. Trivedi

Due to the complex and dynamic character of intersection scenarios, the autonomous driving strategy at intersections has been a difficult problem and a hot point in the research of intelligent transportation systems in recent years. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Lianzhen Wei , Zirui Li , Jianwei Gong , Cheng Gong , Jiachen Li

Besides interacting correctly with other vehicles, automated vehicles should also be able to react in a safe manner to vulnerable road users like pedestrians or cyclists. For a safe interaction between pedestrians and automated vehicles,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Adrian Holzbock , Alexander Tsaregorodtsev , Vasileios Belagiannis

Automated vehicles (AVs) must communicate their yielding intentions to pedestrians at crossings. External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs, on-vehicle displays) are promising solutions, but were primarily tested with walking pedestrians.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ammar Al-Taie , Thomas Goodge , Shaun Macdonald , Ian Oakley , Stephen Brewster

The modelling and simulation of the interaction among vehicles and pedestrians during cross-walking is an open challenge for both research and practical computational solutions supporting urban/traffic decision makers and managers. The…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2016-10-26 Andrea Gorrini , Giuseppe Vizzari , Stefania Bandini

Interactions between vehicles and pedestrians have always been a major problem in traffic safety. Experienced human drivers are able to analyze the environment and choose driving strategies that will help them avoid crashes. What is not yet…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Baiming Chen , Ding Zhao , Huei Peng

In a given scenario, simultaneously and accurately predicting every possible interaction of traffic participants is an important capability for autonomous vehicles. The majority of current researches focused on the prediction of an single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Yeping Hu , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Intersections constitute one of the most dangerous elements in road systems. Traffic signals remain the most common way to control traffic at high-volume intersections and offer many opportunities to apply intelligent transportation systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-12-22 Nicolas Saunier , Sophie Midenet

One of the main challenges autonomous vehicles (AVs) will face is interacting with pedestrians, especially at unmarked midblock locations where the right-of-way is unspecified. This study investigates pedestrian crossing behavior given…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Fengjiao Zou , Jennifer Ogle , Weimin Jin , Patrick Gerard , Daniel Petty , Andrew Robb

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are becoming an indispensable part of future transportation. However, safety challenges and lack of reliability limit their real-world deployment. Towards boosting the appearance of AVs on the roads, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Mohsen Azarmi , Mahdi Rezaei , Tanveer Hussain , Chenghao Qian

Pedestrians' safety is a crucial factor in assessing autonomous driving scenarios. However, pedestrian safety evaluation is rarely considered by existing autonomous driving simulation platforms. This paper proposes a pedestrian safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Lin Ma , Longrui Chen , Yan Zhang , Mengdi Chu , Wenjie Jiang , Jiahao Shen , Chuxuan Li , Yifeng Shi , Nairui Luo , Jirui Yuan , Guyue Zhou , Jiangtao Gong

Given pedestrians' vulnerability in road traffic, it remains unclear how novel AV appearances will impact pedestrians crossing behaviour. To address this gap, this study pioneers an investigation into the influence of AVs' exterior design,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Wei Lyu , Yaqin Cao , Yi Ding , Jingyu Li , Kai Tian , Hui Zhang

As autonomous vehicles are gradually being deployed in the real world, external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to serve as a critical solution for enhancing vehicle-pedestrian communication. However, existing eHMI designs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jialong Li , Zhenyu Mao , Zhiyao Wang , Yijun Lu , Shogo Morita , Nianyu Li , Kenji Tei

Shared space reduces segregation between vehicles and pedestrians and encourages them to share roads without imposed traffic rules. The behaviour of road users (RUs) is then controlled by social norms, and interactions are more versatile…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Yiyuan Wang , Luke Hespanhol , Stewart Worrall , Martin Tomitsch

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) must share space with pedestrians, both in carriageway cases such as cars at pedestrian crossings and off-carriageway cases such as delivery vehicles navigating through crowds on pedestrianized high-streets. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Fanta Camara , Nicola Bellotto , Serhan Cosar , Dimitris Nathanael , Matthias Althoff , Jingyuan Wu , Johannes Ruenz , André Dietrich , Charles W. Fox

Navigating safely in urban environments remains a challenging problem for autonomous vehicles. Occlusion and limited sensor range can pose significant challenges to safely navigate among pedestrians and other vehicles in the environment.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Ming-Yuan Yu , Ram Vasudevan , Matthew Johnson-Roberson

Despite growing attention in autonomy, there are still many open problems, including how autonomous vehicles will interact and communicate with other agents, such as human drivers and pedestrians. Unlike most approaches that focus on…