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We propose an accurate and robust multi-modal sensor fusion framework, MetroLoc, towards one of the most extreme scenarios, the large-scale metro vehicle localization and mapping. MetroLoc is built atop an IMU-centric state estimator that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Yusheng Wang , Weiwei Song , Yi Zhang , Fei Huang , Zhiyong Tu , Yidong Lou

Perception is a key component of Automated vehicles (AVs). However, sensors mounted to the AVs often encounter blind spots due to obstructions from other vehicles, infrastructure, or objects in the surrounding area. While recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Nithish Kumar Saravanan , Varun Jammula , Yezhou Yang , Jeffrey Wishart , Junfeng Zhao

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) demand real-time collision prediction to ensure road safety and reduce accident severity. Conventional approaches rely on transmitting raw video or high-dimensional sensory data from roadside units…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Murat Arda Onsu , Poonam Lohan , Burak Kantarci , Aisha Syed , Matthew Andrews , Sean Kennedy

Multi-sensor fusion is essential for accurate 3D object detection in self-driving systems. Camera and LiDAR are the most commonly used sensors, and usually, their fusion happens at the early or late stages of 3D detectors with the help of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Javed Ahmad , Alessio Del Bue

Reliable global localization is critical for autonomous vehicles, especially in environments where GNSS is degraded or unavailable, such as urban canyons and tunnels. Although high-definition (HD) maps provide accurate priors, the cost of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nguyen Hoang Khoi Tran , Julie Stephany Berrio , Mao Shan , Stewart Worrall

4D radar has received significant attention in autonomous driving thanks to its robustness under adverse weathers. Due to the sparse points and noisy measurements of the 4D radar, most of the research finish the 3D object detection task by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Hanzhi Zhong , Zhiyu Xiang , Ruoyu Xu , Jingyun Fu , Peng Xu , Shaohong Wang , Zhihao Yang , Tianyu Pu , Eryun Liu

End-to-end autonomous driving solutions, which directly process multimodal sensory data and output fine-grained control commands, have gradually become a mainstream direction with the development of autonomous driving technology. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Runyi Huang , Ni Ding , Ruidan Xing , Yuheng Shi , Lei He , Keqiang Li

Constructing HD semantic maps is a central component of autonomous driving. However, traditional pipelines require a vast amount of human efforts and resources in annotating and maintaining the semantics in the map, which limits its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Qi Li , Yue Wang , Yilun Wang , Hang Zhao

Autonomous driving vehicles and robotic systems rely on accurate perception of their surroundings. Scene understanding is one of the crucial components of perception modules. Among all available sensors, LiDARs are one of the essential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Ryan Razani , Ran Cheng , Ehsan Taghavi , Liu Bingbing

Multimodal fusion frameworks for Human Action Recognition (HAR) using depth and inertial sensor data have been proposed over the years. In most of the existing works, fusion is performed at a single level (feature level or decision level),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Zeeshan Ahmad , Naimul Khan

Recent advances in autonomous vehicle technologies and cellular network speeds motivate developments in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. Enhanced road safety features and improved fuel efficiency are some of the motivations…

Efficient data utilization is crucial for advancing 3D scene understanding in autonomous driving, where reliance on heavily human-annotated LiDAR point clouds challenges fully supervised methods. Addressing this, our study extends into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Lingdong Kong , Xiang Xu , Jiawei Ren , Wenwei Zhang , Liang Pan , Kai Chen , Wei Tsang Ooi , Ziwei Liu

We present a robust and precise localization system that achieves centimeter-level localization accuracy in disparate city scenes. Our system adaptively uses information from complementary sensors such as GNSS, LiDAR, and IMU to achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Guowei Wan , Xiaolong Yang , Renlan Cai , Hao Li , Hao Wang , Shiyu Song

High-definition (HD) maps are essential for autonomous driving, yet multi-modal fusion often suffers from inconsistency between camera and LiDAR modalities, leading to performance degradation under low-light conditions, occlusions, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Haoxiang Fu , Lingfeng Zhang , Hao Li , Ruibing Hu , Zhengrong Li , Guanjing Liu , Zimu Tan , Long Chen , Hangjun Ye , Xiaoshuai Hao

This paper addresses the problem of holistic road scene understanding based on the integration of visual and range data. To achieve the grand goal, we propose an approach that jointly tackles object-level image segmentation and semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Wenqi Huang , Xiaojin Gong

Multimodal visual information fusion aims to integrate the multi-sensor data into a single image which contains more complementary information and less redundant features. However the complementary information is hard to extract, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Hui Li , Xiao-Jun Wu

Three-dimensional Object Detection from multi-view cameras and LiDAR is a crucial component for autonomous driving and smart transportation. However, in the process of basic feature extraction, perspective transformation, and feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhongyu Xia , Hansong Yang , Yongtao Wang

Road scene understanding is crucial in autonomous driving, enabling machines to perceive the visual environment. However, recent object detectors tailored for learning on datasets collected from certain geographical locations struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Hasib Zunair , Shakib Khan , A. Ben Hamza

Besides standard cameras, autonomous vehicles typically include multiple additional sensors, such as lidars and radars, which help acquire richer information for perceiving the content of the driving scene. While several recent works focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Tim Broedermann , Christos Sakaridis , Dengxin Dai , Luc Van Gool

Accurate detection of obstacles in 3D is an essential task for autonomous driving and intelligent transportation. In this work, we propose a general multimodal fusion framework FusionPainting to fuse the 2D RGB image and 3D point clouds at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Shaoqing Xu , Dingfu Zhou , Jin Fang , Junbo Yin , Zhou Bin , Liangjun Zhang