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Many types of data from fields including natural language processing, computer vision, and bioinformatics, are well represented by discrete, compositional structures such as trees, sequences, or matchings. Latent structure models are a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Vlad Niculae , Caio F. Corro , Nikita Nangia , Tsvetomila Mihaylova , André F. T. Martins

Inverse design of nanoparticles for desired scattering spectra and dynamic switching between the two opposite scattering anomalies, i.e. superscattering and invisibility, is important in realizing cloaking, sensing and functional devices.…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-07 Jie Luo , Xun Li , Xinyuan Zhang , Jiajie Guo , Wei Liu , Yun Lai , Yaohui Zhan , Min Huang

Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool in atomistic simulations, enabling the identification of complex patterns in molecular systems limiting human intervention and bias. However, the practical implementation of these methods…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-07-28 Giulia Sormani , Alex Rodriguez , Ali Hassanali

Structural coloration is commonly modeled using wave optics for reliable and photorealistic rendering of natural, quasi-periodic and complex nanostructures. Such models often rely on dense, preliminary or preprocessed data to accurately…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Narayan Kandel , Daljit Singh J. S. Dhillon

{We report on an intensity-only and deep-learning based method for laser beam characterization that allows to predict the underlying optical field within milliseconds. A simple near-field / far-field camera setup enables online control of…

We develop a fully automatic image colorization system. Our approach leverages recent advances in deep networks, exploiting both low-level and semantic representations. As many scene elements naturally appear according to multimodal color…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-15 Gustav Larsson , Michael Maire , Gregory Shakhnarovich

Light interference in strongly disordered photonic media can generate lasers where random modes are amplified in unpredictable way. The ease of fabrication, along with their low coherence caused by multiple small-linewidth peaks, made…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-30 Niccolò Caselli , Antonio Consoli , Angel Maria Mateos , Cefe López

Autonomous agents embedded in a physical environment need the ability to recognize objects and their properties from sensory data. Such a perceptual ability is often implemented by supervised machine learning models, which are pre-trained…

Understanding the relationship between the structure of light-harvesting systems and their excitation energy transfer properties is of fundamental importance in many applications including the development of next generation photovoltaics.…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-07-21 Florian Häse , Christoph Kreisbeck , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

We report an ultrafast, parallel and beyond-the-master micro-patterning technique for ultrathin (30 nm-400 nm) non-absorbing polymer films by diffraction of a laser light through a two dimensional periodic aperture. The redistribution of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-01-28 Ankur Verma , Ashutosh Sharma , Giridhar U. Kulkarni

Diffractive neural networks hold great promise for applications requiring intensive computational processing. Considerable attention has focused on diffractive networks for either spatially coherent or spatially incoherent illumination.…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-25 Matan Kleiner , Lior Michaeli , Tomer Michaeli

Recently there has been substantial interest in spectral methods for learning dynamical systems. These methods are popular since they often offer a good tradeoff between computational and statistical efficiency. Unfortunately, they can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-05 Ahmed Hefny , Carlton Downey , Geoffrey Gordon

The last decade has seen an unprecedented growth in artificial intelligence and photonic technologies, both of which drive the limits of modern-day computing devices. In line with these recent developments, this work brings together the…

Brain-inspired learning models attempt to mimic the cortical architecture and computations performed in the neurons and synapses constituting the human brain to achieve its efficiency in cognitive tasks. In this work, we present…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Priyadarshini Panda , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan , Kaushik Roy

Our goal is to extract meaningful transformations from raw images, such as varying the thickness of lines in handwriting or the lighting in a portrait. We propose an unsupervised approach to learn such transformations by attempting to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-08 Tatsunori B. Hashimoto , John C. Duchi , Percy Liang

Machine learning has made important headway in helping to improve the treatment of quantum many-body systems. A domain of particular relevance are correlated inhomogeneous systems. What has been missing so far is a general, scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Alex Blania , Sandro Herbig , Fabian Dechent , Evert van Nieuwenburg , Florian Marquardt

Recent introduction of data-driven approaches based on deep-learning technology has revolutionized the field of nanophotonics by allowing efficient inverse design methods. In this paper, simultaneous inverse design of materials and…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-08 Sunae So , Jungho Mun , Junsuk Rho

Predictive modelling represents an emerging field that combines existing and novel methodologies aimed to rapidly understand physical mechanisms and concurrently develop new materials, processes and structures. In the current study,…

While software implementations of neural networks have driven significant advances in computation, the von Neumann architecture imposes fundamental limitations on speed and energy efficiency. Neuromorphic networks, with structures inspired…

The spectacular results achieved in machine learning, including the recent advances in generative AI, rely on large data collections. On the opposite, intelligent processes in nature arises without the need for such collections, but simply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Alessandro Betti , Marco Gori