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Contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) models have demonstrated considerable success across various vision-language tasks, such as text-to-image retrieval, where the model is required to effectively process natural language input to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Hyunjae Kim , Seunghyun Yoon , Trung Bui , Handong Zhao , Quan Tran , Franck Dernoncourt , Jaewoo Kang

Likelihood approximations for images are not trivial to compute and can be useful in many applications. We examine the use of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) to assess the likelihood of images and captions. We introduce…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Roy Betser , Meir Yossef Levi , Guy Gilboa

Vision-language pretraining on large datasets of images-text pairs is one of the main building blocks of current Vision-Language Models. While with additional training, these models excel in various downstream tasks, including visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Madhukar Reddy Vongala , Saurabh Srivastava , Jana Košecká

Improving the captioning performance on low-resource languages by leveraging English caption datasets has received increasing research interest in recent years. Existing works mainly fall into two categories: translation-based and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Yike Wu , Shiwan Zhao , Jia Chen , Ying Zhang , Xiaojie Yuan , Zhong Su

In this paper, we demonstrate that CLIP can also be adapted to downstream tasks where its vision-language alignment is suboptimally learned during pre-training on web-crawled data, all without requiring fine-tuning. We explore the case of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Sohee Kim , Jisu Kang , Dunam Kim , Seokju Lee

Self-supervised contrastive learning models, such as CLIP, have set new benchmarks for vision-language models in many downstream tasks. However, their dependency on rigid one-to-one mappings overlooks the complex and often multifaceted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yiming Zhang , Zhuokai Zhao , Zhaorun Chen , Zhili Feng , Zenghui Ding , Yining Sun

Large-scale natural image-text datasets, especially those automatically collected from the web, often suffer from loose semantic alignment due to weak supervision, while medical datasets tend to have high cross-modal correlation but low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Shengzhu Yang , Jiawei Du , Shuai Lu , Weihang Zhang , Ningli Wang , Huiqi Li

Image captioning has long been a pivotal task in visual understanding, with recent advancements in vision-language models (VLMs) significantly enhancing the ability to generate detailed image captions. However, the evaluation of detailed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Qinghao Ye , Xianhan Zeng , Fu Li , Chunyuan Li , Haoqi Fan

We examine the effects of contrastive visual semantic pretraining by comparing the geometry and semantic properties of contextualized English language representations formed by GPT-2 and CLIP, a zero-shot multimodal image classifier which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Robert Wolfe , Aylin Caliskan

Multimodal sentence embedding models typically leverage image-caption pairs in addition to textual data during training. However, such pairs often contain noise, including redundant or irrelevant information on either the image or caption…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Kaiyan Zhao , Zhongtao Miao , Yoshimasa Tsuruoka

Contrastive learning has emerged as an efficient framework to learn multimodal representations. CLIP, a seminal work in this area, achieved impressive results by training on paired image-text data using the contrastive loss. Recent work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Enrico Fini , Pietro Astolfi , Adriana Romero-Soriano , Jakob Verbeek , Michal Drozdzal

Contrastive vision-language models continue to be the dominant approach for image and text retrieval. Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) trains two neural networks in contrastive manner to align their image and text embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Kwun Ho Ngan , Saman Sadeghi Afgeh , Joe Townsend , Artur d'Avila Garcez

Vision-language co-embedding networks, such as CLIP, provide a latent embedding space with semantic information that is useful for downstream tasks. We hypothesize that the embedding space can be disentangled to separate the information on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zhi Li , Hau Phan , Matthew Emigh , Austin J. Brockmeier

Multi-label classification (MLC) studies the problem where each instance is associated with multiple relevant labels, which leads to the exponential growth of output space. MLC encourages a popular framework named label compression (LC) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Jiaqi Lv , Tianran Wu , Chenglun Peng , Yunpeng Liu , Ning Xu , Xin Geng

Learning generalized representations from limited training samples is crucial for applying deep neural networks in low-resource scenarios. Recently, methods based on Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) have exhibited promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Yao Zhu , Yuefeng Chen , Wei Wang , Xiaofeng Mao , Xiu Yan , Yue Wang , Zhigang Li , Wang lu , Jindong Wang , Xiangyang Ji

The Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) framework has become a widely used approach for multimodal representation learning, particularly in image-text retrieval and clustering. However, its efficacy is constrained by three key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Tiancheng Gu , Kaicheng Yang , Ziyong Feng , Xingjun Wang , Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Yingda Chen , Weidong Cai , Jiankang Deng

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has been shown to improve zero-shot generalization capabilities of language and vision models. In this paper, we extend CLIP for efficient knowledge distillation, by utilizing embeddings as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Lakshmi Nair

Accurately assessing image complexity (IC) is critical for computer vision, yet most existing methods rely solely on visual features and often neglect high-level semantic information, limiting their accuracy and generalization. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shipeng Liu , Zhonglin Zhang , Dengfeng Chen , Liang Zhao

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are pretrained on large, diverse, and noisy web-crawled datasets. This underscores the critical need for dataset pruning, as the quality of these datasets is strongly correlated with the performance of VLMs on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Anas Mahmoud , Mostafa Elhoushi , Amro Abbas , Yu Yang , Newsha Ardalani , Hugh Leather , Ari Morcos

Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) with image-level labels aims to achieve pixel-level predictions using Class Activation Maps (CAMs). Recently, Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has been introduced in WSSS.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Zhiwei Yang , Yucong Meng , Kexue Fu , Feilong Tang , Shuo Wang , Zhijian Song