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Visual tokenizers play a central role in latent image generation by bridging high-dimensional images and tractable generative modeling. However, most existing tokenizers are still trained with reconstruction-dominated objectives, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Qingfeng Li , Haoxian Zhang , Xu He , Songlin Tang , Zhixue Fang , Xiaoqiang Liu , Pengfei Wan Guoqi Li

Generative models have enabled the creation of highly realistic facial-synthetic images, raising significant concerns due to their potential for misuse. Despite rapid advancements in the field of deepfake detection, developing efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yue-Hua Han , Tai-Ming Huang , Kai-Lung Hua , Jun-Cheng Chen

Monocular depth estimation can benefit from autoregressive (AR) generation, but direct AR modeling is hindered by the modality gap between RGB and depth, inefficient pixel-wise generation, and instability in continuous depth prediction. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jinchang Zhang , Xinrou Kang , Guoyu Lu

We present TokenFlow, a novel unified image tokenizer that bridges the long-standing gap between multimodal understanding and generation. Prior research attempt to employ a single reconstruction-targeted Vector Quantization (VQ) encoder for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Liao Qu , Huichao Zhang , Yiheng Liu , Xu Wang , Yi Jiang , Yiming Gao , Hu Ye , Daniel K. Du , Zehuan Yuan , Xinglong Wu

In this work, we explore neat yet effective Transformer-based frameworks for visual grounding. The previous methods generally address the core problem of visual grounding, i.e., multi-modal fusion and reasoning, with manually-designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Jiajun Deng , Zhengyuan Yang , Daqing Liu , Tianlang Chen , Wengang Zhou , Yanyong Zhang , Houqiang Li , Wanli Ouyang

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) has become a widely adopted and practical approach for enhancing generation quality and improving condition alignment. Recent studies have explored guidance mechanisms for unconditional generation, yet these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Chaoyang Wang , Tianmeng Yang , Jingdong Wang , Yunhai Tong

Image tokenizers map images to sequences of discrete tokens, and are a crucial component of autoregressive transformer-based image generation. The tokens are typically associated with spatial locations in the input image, arranged in raster…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Carlos Esteves , Mohammed Suhail , Ameesh Makadia

Image tokenizers form the foundation of modern text-to-image generative models but are notoriously difficult to train. Furthermore, most existing text-to-image models rely on large-scale, high-quality private datasets, making them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Dongwon Kim , Ju He , Qihang Yu , Chenglin Yang , Xiaohui Shen , Suha Kwak , Liang-Chieh Chen

Foundation models or pre-trained models have substantially improved the performance of various language, vision, and vision-language understanding tasks. However, existing foundation models can only perform the best in one type of tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Xinsong Zhang , Yan Zeng , Jipeng Zhang , Hang Li

Although two-stage Vector Quantized (VQ) generative models allow for synthesizing high-fidelity and high-resolution images, their quantization operator encodes similar patches within an image into the same index, resulting in a repeated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Chuanxia Zheng , Long Tung Vuong , Jianfei Cai , Dinh Phung

Autoregressive (AR) visual generation relies on tokenizers to map images to and from discrete sequences. However, tokenizers are trained to reconstruct clean images from ground-truth tokens, while AR generators are optimized only for token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xinyao Liao , Qiyuan He , Kai Xu , Xiaoye Qu , Yicong Li , Wei Wei , Angela Yao

We present a new perspective of achieving image synthesis by viewing this task as a visual token generation problem. Different from existing paradigms that directly synthesize a full image from a single input (e.g., a latent code), the new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Yanhong Zeng , Huan Yang , Hongyang Chao , Jianbo Wang , Jianlong Fu

Visual foundation models (VFMs) have become increasingly popular due to their state-of-the-art performance. However, interpretability remains crucial for critical applications. In this sense, self-explainable models (SEM) aim to provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Hugues Turbé , Mina Bjelogrlic , Gianmarco Mengaldo , Christian Lovis

Foundation models have emerged as a promising approach in time series forecasting (TSF). Existing approaches either repurpose large language models (LLMs) or build large-scale time series datasets to develop TSF foundation models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Mouxiang Chen , Lefei Shen , Zhuo Li , Xiaoyun Joy Wang , Jianling Sun , Chenghao Liu

Modern visual generative models acquire rich visual knowledge through large-scale training, yet existing visual representations (such as pixels, latents, or tokens) remain external to the model and cannot directly exploit this knowledge for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zongyu Guo , Jiajun He , Zhaoyang Jia , Xiaoyi Zhang , Jiahao Li , Xiao Li , Bin Li , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Yan Lu

Being trained on large and vast datasets, visual foundation models (VFMs) can be fine-tuned for diverse downstream tasks, achieving remarkable performance and efficiency in various computer vision applications. The high computation cost of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Anna Chistyakova , Mikhail Pautov

In this paper, we propose a transformer based approach for visual grounding. Unlike previous proposal-and-rank frameworks that rely heavily on pretrained object detectors or proposal-free frameworks that upgrade an off-the-shelf one-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Ye Du , Zehua Fu , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

Computer vision has achieved remarkable success by (a) representing images as uniformly-arranged pixel arrays and (b) convolving highly-localized features. However, convolutions treat all image pixels equally regardless of importance;…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Bichen Wu , Chenfeng Xu , Xiaoliang Dai , Alvin Wan , Peizhao Zhang , Zhicheng Yan , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Joseph Gonzalez , Kurt Keutzer , Peter Vajda

Recent advances in latent diffusion models have demonstrated their effectiveness for high-resolution image synthesis. However, the properties of the latent space from tokenizer for better learning and generation of diffusion models remain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Hao Chen , Yujin Han , Fangyi Chen , Xiang Li , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Ze Wang , Zicheng Liu , Difan Zou , Bhiksha Raj

Many adaptations of transformers have emerged to address the single-modal vision tasks, where self-attention modules are stacked to handle input sources like images. Intuitively, feeding multiple modalities of data to vision transformers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Yikai Wang , Xinghao Chen , Lele Cao , Wenbing Huang , Fuchun Sun , Yunhe Wang
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