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Large reasoning models (LRMs) like OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1 achieve high accuracy on complex tasks by adopting long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning paths. However, the inherent verbosity of these processes frequently results in redundancy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chenzhi Hu , Qinzhe Hu , Yuhang Xu , Junyi Chen , Ruijie Wang , Shengzhong Liu , Jianxin Li , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Advanced reasoning in large language models has achieved remarkable performance on challenging tasks, but the prevailing long-context reasoning paradigm faces critical limitations: quadratic computational scaling with sequence length,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yuchen Yan , Yongliang Shen , Yang Liu , Jin Jiang , Mengdi Zhang , Jian Shao , Yueting Zhuang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have attracted much attention due to their exceptional performance. However, their performance mainly stems from thinking, a long Chain of Thought (CoT), which significantly increase computational overhead. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Siyuan Gan , Jiaheng Liu , Boyan Wang , Tianpei Yang , Runqing Miao , Yuyao Zhang , Fanyu Meng , Junlan Feng , Linjian Meng , Jing Huo , Yang Gao

Chain-of-thought (CoT) advances the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) and achieves superior performance in complex reasoning tasks. However, most CoT studies rely on carefully designed human-annotated rational chains to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 KaShun Shum , Shizhe Diao , Tong Zhang

This paper proposes a group deliberation oriented multi-agent conversational model to address the limitations of single large language models in complex reasoning tasks. The model adopts a three-level role division architecture consisting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zheyu Shi , Dong Qiu , Shanlong Yu

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in complex reasoning tasks like mathematical problem-solving. However, existing research predominantly relies on reinforcement learning (RL) frameworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 ShaoZhen Liu , Xinting Huang , Houwen Peng , Xin Chen , Xinyang Song , Qi Li , Zhenan Sun

Multimodal reasoning is a critical component in the pursuit of artificial intelligence systems that exhibit human-like intelligence, especially when tackling complex tasks. While the chain-of-thought (CoT) technique has gained considerable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jingxuan Wei , Cheng Tan , Zhangyang Gao , Linzhuang Sun , Siyuan Li , Bihui Yu , Ruifeng Guo , Stan Z. Li

Agentic reinforcement learning has advanced large language models (LLMs) to reason through long chain-of-thought trajectories while interleaving external tool use. Existing approaches assume a fixed inventory of tools, limiting LLM agents'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jiaru Zou , Ling Yang , Yunzhe Qi , Sirui Chen , Mengting Ai , Ke Shen , Jingrui He , Mengdi Wang

Equipped with Chain-of-Thought (CoT), Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive reasoning ability in various downstream tasks. Even so, suffering from hallucinations and the inability to access external knowledge, LLMs often come…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Keheng Wang , Feiyu Duan , Sirui Wang , Peiguang Li , Yunsen Xian , Chuantao Yin , Wenge Rong , Zhang Xiong

We present a two-phase vision-language QA system for autonomous driving that answers high-level perception, prediction, and planning questions. In Phase-1, a large multimodal LLM (Qwen2.5-VL-32B) is conditioned on six-camera inputs, a short…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Seungjun Yu , Junsung Park , Youngsun Lim , Hyunjung Shim

While long, explicit chains-of-thought (CoT) have proven effective on complex reasoning tasks, they are costly to generate during inference. Non-verbal reasoning methods have emerged with shorter generation lengths by leveraging continuous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Keshav Ramji , Tahira Naseem , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo

Multi-modal keyphrase prediction (MMKP) aims to advance beyond text-only methods by incorporating multiple modalities of input information to produce a set of conclusive phrases. Traditional multi-modal approaches have been proven to have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Qihang Ma , Shengyu Li , Jie Tang , Dingkang Yang , Shaodong Chen , Yingyi Zhang , Chao Feng , Jiao Ran

Pre-trained vision-language models, e.g., CLIP, working with manually designed prompts have demonstrated great capacity of transfer learning. Recently, learnable prompts achieve state-of-the-art performance, which however are prone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Baoshuo Kan , Teng Wang , Wenpeng Lu , Xiantong Zhen , Weili Guan , Feng Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly rely on Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning to improve accuracy on complex tasks. However, always generating lengthy reasoning traces is inefficient, leading to excessive token usage and higher…

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) has unlocked advanced reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with intermediate steps, yet incurs prohibitive computational costs due to generation of extra tokens. Recent studies empirically show that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Juncai Li , Ru Li , Yuxiang Zhou , Boxiang Ma , Jeff Z. Pan

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have revolutionized complex problem-solving, yet they exhibit a pervasive "overthinking", generating unnecessarily long reasoning chains. While current solutions improve token efficiency, they often sacrifice…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Weiyang Huang , Xuefeng Bai , Kehai Chen , Xinyang Chen , Yibin Chen , Weili Guan , Min Zhang

Chain-of-thought (CoT) has emerged as a powerful technique to elicit reasoning in large language models and improve a variety of downstream tasks. CoT mainly demonstrates excellent performance in English, but its usage in low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Linzheng Chai , Jian Yang , Tao Sun , Hongcheng Guo , Jiaheng Liu , Bing Wang , Xiannian Liang , Jiaqi Bai , Tongliang Li , Qiyao Peng , Zhoujun Li

The emergence of large reasoning models (LRMs) has transformed Natural Language Processing by excelling in complex tasks such as mathematical problem-solving and code generation. These models leverage chain-of-thought (CoT) processes,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Wenrui Cai , Chengyu Wang , Junbing Yan , Jun Huang , Xiangzhong Fang

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) has been a go-to and effective method for enhancing long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in relatively small LLMs by fine-tuning them with long CoT responses from larger LLMs. To continually improve reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Wang Yang , Hongye Jin , Jingfeng Yang , Vipin Chaudhary , Xiaotian Han

As Test-Time Scaling emerges as an active research focus in the large language model community, advanced post-training methods increasingly emphasize extending chain-of-thought (CoT) generation length, thereby enhancing reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Muzhi Dai , Chenxu Yang , Qingyi Si