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The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to extract context from natural language problem descriptions naturally raises questions about their suitability in autonomous decision-making settings. This paper studies the behaviour of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xiao Yang , Juxi Leitner , Michael Burke

The widespread adoption of web applications has made their security a critical concern and has increased the need for systematic ways to assess whether they can be considered trustworthy. However, "trust" assessment remains an open problem…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Oleksandr Yarotskyi , José D'Abruzzo Pereira , João R. Campos

Stated preference (SP) surveys are a key method to research how individuals make trade-offs in hypothetical, also futuristic, scenarios. In energy context this includes key decarbonisation enablement contexts, such as low-carbon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Han Wang , Jacek Pawlak , Aruna Sivakumar

Language models (LMs) represent an emerging paradigm within artificial intelligence, with applications throughout the medical enterprise. A comprehensive understanding of the clinical task and awareness of the variability in performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Victor Garcia , Mariia Sidulova , Aldo Badano

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into business process management tools promises to democratize Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) modeling for non-experts. While automated frameworks assess syntactic and semantic quality,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Chantale Lauer , Peter Pfeiffer , Nijat Mehdiyev

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is now a cornerstone of requirements automation. One compelling factor behind the growing adoption of NLP in Requirements Engineering (RE) is the prevalent use of natural language (NL) for specifying…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Mehrdad Sabetzadeh , Chetan Arora

Comments are very useful to the flow of code development. With the increasing commonality of code, novice coders have been creating a significant amount of codebases. Due to lack of commenting standards, their comments are often useless,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to advance natural language processing with their ability to generate human-like text across a range of tasks. Despite the remarkable success of LLMs in Natural Language Processing (NLP), their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Walid Mohamed Aly , Taysir Hassan A. Soliman , Amr Mohamed AbdelAziz

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate textual explanations of process models discovered from event logs. Producing explanations from large behavioral abstractions (e.g., directly-follows graphs or Petri nets) can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 P. van Oerle , R. H. Bemthuis , F. A. Bukhsh

Assessing instruction quality is a fundamental component of any improvement efforts in the education system. However, traditional manual assessments are expensive, subjective, and heavily dependent on observers' expertise and idiosyncratic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Paiheng Xu , Jing Liu , Nathan Jones , Julie Cohen , Wei Ai

Human evaluation is indispensable and inevitable for assessing the quality of texts generated by machine learning models or written by humans. However, human evaluation is very difficult to reproduce and its quality is notoriously unstable,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Cheng-Han Chiang , Hung-yi Lee

We introduce a framework for the use of large language models (LLMs) in Building Understandable Messaging for Policy and Evidence Review (BUMPER). LLMs are proving capable of providing interfaces for understanding and synthesizing large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Katherine A. Rosenfeld , Maike Sonnewald , Sonia J. Jindal , Kevin A. McCarthy , Joshua L. Proctor

This report explores how (potentially constrained) natural language can be used to enable non-experts to develop process models by simply describing scenarios in plain text. To this end, a framework, called BeePath, is proposed. It allows…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Andrea Burattin , Antonio Grama , Ana-Maria Sima , Andrey Rivkin , Barbara Weber

The use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) for helping decision-makers with Climate Change action has recently been highlighted as a use case aligning with a broader drive towards NLP technologies for social good. In this context,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Iacopo Ghinassi , Leonardo Catalano , Tommaso Colella

This paper calls on the research community not only to investigate how human biases are inherited by large language models (LLMs) but also to explore how these biases in LLMs can be leveraged to make society's "unwritten code" - such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Honglin Bao , Siyang Wu , Jiwoong Choi , Yingrong Mao , James A. Evans

Interaction with Large Language Models (LLMs) is primarily carried out via prompting. A prompt is a natural language instruction designed to elicit certain behaviour or output from a model. In theory, natural language prompts enable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Michael Desmond , Michelle Brachman

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in multi-step reasoning tasks, yet their reliance on extensive manual labeling to provide procedural feedback remains a significant impediment. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhaorun Chen , Zhuokai Zhao , Zhihong Zhu , Ruiqi Zhang , Xiang Li , Bhiksha Raj , Huaxiu Yao

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their ubiquitous deployment in diverse domains, measuring language model behavior on realistic data is imperative. For example, a company deploying a client-facing chatbot must ensure that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Neel Jain , Khalid Saifullah , Yuxin Wen , John Kirchenbauer , Manli Shu , Aniruddha Saha , Micah Goldblum , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

This paper investigates the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to synthesize public opinion data, addressing challenges in traditional survey methods like declining response rates and non-response bias. We introduce a novel technique: role…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Rabimba Karanjai , Boris Shor , Amanda Austin , Ryan Kennedy , Yang Lu , Lei Xu , Weidong Shi

Language Models (LMs) continue to advance, improving response quality and coherence. Given Internet-scale training datasets, LMs have likely encountered much of what users may ask them to generate in some form during their training. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Michael Majurski , Cynthia Matuszek