Related papers: Astrocyte-Mediated Higher-Order Control of Synapti…
In neural systems, synaptic plasticity is usually driven by spike trains. Due to the inherent noises of neurons, synapses and networks, spike trains typically exhibit externally uncontrollable variability such as spatial heterogeneity and…
The human nervous system utilizes synaptic plasticity to solve optimization problems. Previous studies have tried to add the plasticity factor to the training process of artificial neural networks, but most of those models require complex…
Brain functions require both segregated processing of information in specialized circuits, as well as integration across circuits to perform high-level information processing. One possible way to implement these seemingly opposing demands…
We propose a three dimensional mechanical model of embryonic tissue dynamics. Mechanically coupled adherent cells are represented as particles interconnected with elastic beams which can exert non-central forces and torques. Tissue…
Neuronal circuits internally regulate electrical signaling via a host of homeostatic mechanisms. Two prominent mechanisms, synaptic scaling and structural plasticity, are believed to maintain average activity within an operating range by…
The participation of astrocytes in brain computation was formally hypothesized in 1992, coinciding with the discovery that these glial cells display a complex form of Ca2+ excitability. This fostered conceptual advances centered on the…
In the mammalian nervous system, various synaptic plasticity rules act, either individually or synergistically, and over wide-ranging timescales to dictate the processes that enable learning and memory formation. To mimic biological…
The Integrated Information is a quantitative measure from information theory how tightly all parts of a system are interconnected in terms of information exchange. In this study we show that astrocyte, playing an important role in…
The dynamics of local cortical networks are irregular, but correlated. Dynamic excitatory--inhibitory balance is a plausible mechanism that generates such irregular activity, but it remains unclear how balance is achieved and maintained in…
In dynamical systems on networks, one assigns the dynamics to nodes, which are then coupled via links. This approach does not account for group interactions and dynamics on links and other higher dimensional structures. Higher-order network…
Higher-order networks encode the many-body interactions existing in complex systems, such as the brain, protein complexes, and social interactions. Simplicial complexes are higher-order networks that allow a comprehensive investigation of…
In realistic neural circuits, both neurons and synapses are coupled in dynamics with separate time scales. The circuit functions are intimately related to these coupled dynamics. However, it remains challenging to understand the intrinsic…
Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity (STSP) strongly affects the neural dynamics of cortical networks. The Tsodyks and Markram (TM) model for STSP accurately accounts for a wide range of physiological responses at different types of cortical…
We extend the notions of multipole and subsystem symmetries to more general {\it spatially modulated} symmetries. We uncover two instances with exponential and (quasi)-periodic modulations, and provide simple microscopic models in one, two…
Colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets, in which carriers are strongly confined only along one dimension, present fundamentally different excitonic properties than quantum dots, which support strong confinement in all three dimensions. In…
Brain plasticity, also known as neuroplasticity, is a fundamental mechanism of neuronal adaptation in response to changes in the environment or due to brain injury. In this review, we show our results about the effects of synaptic…
Astrocytes affect neural transmission by a tight control via glutamate transporters on glutamate concentrations in direct vicinity to the synaptic cleft and by extracellular glutamate. Their relevance for information representation has been…
We examine the hypothesis, that short-term synaptic plasticity (STSP) may generate self-organized motor patterns. We simulated sphere-shaped autonomous robots, within the LPZRobots simulation package, containing three weights moving along…
We suggest a mechanism based on spike time dependent plasticity (STDP) of synapses to store, retrieve and predict temporal sequences. The mechanism is demonstrated in a model system of simplified integrate-and-fire type neurons densely…
Neuropeptides, members of a large and evolutionarily ancient family of proteinaceous cell-cell signaling molecules, are widely recognized as extremely potent regulators of brain function and behavior. At the cellular level, neuropeptides…