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Related papers: Neural Concept Verifier: Scaling Prover-Verifier G…

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Our ability to know when to trust the decisions made by machine learning systems has not kept up with the staggering improvements in their performance, limiting their applicability in high-stakes domains. We introduce Prover-Verifier Games…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Cem Anil , Guodong Zhang , Yuhuai Wu , Roger Grosse

The challenge in object-based visual reasoning lies in generating concept representations that are both descriptive and distinct. Achieving this in an unsupervised manner requires human users to understand the model's learned concepts and,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Wolfgang Stammer , Antonia Wüst , David Steinmann , Kristian Kersting

Despite substantial progress in applying neural networks (NN) to a wide variety of areas, they still largely suffer from a lack of transparency and interpretability. While recent developments in explainable artificial intelligence attempt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yunhao Ge , Yao Xiao , Zhi Xu , Meng Zheng , Srikrishna Karanam , Terrence Chen , Laurent Itti , Ziyan Wu

Concept Activation Vectors (CAVs) offer insights into neural network decision-making by linking human friendly concepts to the model's internal feature extraction process. However, when a new set of CAVs is discovered, they must still be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Laines Schmalwasser , Jakob Gawlikowski , Joachim Denzler , Julia Niebling

Concept Activation Vectors (CAVs) provide a powerful approach for interpreting deep neural networks by quantifying their sensitivity to human-defined concepts. However, when computed independently at different layers, CAVs often exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Zhenghao He , Sanchit Sinha , Guangzhi Xiong , Aidong Zhang

One major drawback of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for use in safety critical applications is their black-box nature. This makes it hard to verify or monitor complex, symbolic requirements on already trained computer vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Gesina Schwalbe , Christian Wirth , Ute Schmid

Verifying multi-step reasoning in large language models is difficult due to imprecise error localization and high token costs. Existing methods either assess entire reasoning chains, suffering attention dilution, or rely on expensive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Yulong Zhang , Li Wang , Wei Du , Peilin Li , Yuqin Dai Zhiyuan Zhao , Lingyong Fang , Ziniu Liu , Ru Zhang , Huijia Zhu , Gongshen Liu

The interpretation of deep learning models is a challenge due to their size, complexity, and often opaque internal state. In addition, many systems, such as image classifiers, operate on low-level features rather than high-level concepts.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-05 Been Kim , Martin Wattenberg , Justin Gilmer , Carrie Cai , James Wexler , Fernanda Viegas , Rory Sayres

Existing formal verification methods for image-based neural network controllers in autonomous vehicles often struggle with high-dimensional inputs, computational inefficiency, and a lack of explainability. These challenges make it difficult…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Aditya Parameshwaran , Yue Wang

Vector graphics are essential in design, providing artists with a versatile medium for creating resolution-independent and highly editable visual content. Recent advancements in vision-language and diffusion models have fueled interest in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Sagi Polaczek , Yuval Alaluf , Elad Richardson , Yael Vinker , Daniel Cohen-Or

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have seen significant performance improvements in recent years. However, due to their size and complexity, they function as black-boxes, leading to transparency concerns. State-of-the-art saliency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Antonio De Santis , Riccardo Campi , Matteo Bianchi , Marco Brambilla

We present a scalable and precise verifier for recurrent neural networks, called Prover based on two novel ideas: (i) a method to compute a set of polyhedral abstractions for the non-convex and nonlinear recurrent update functions by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Wonryong Ryou , Jiayu Chen , Mislav Balunovic , Gagandeep Singh , Andrei Dan , Martin Vechev

Perceptual video compression leverages generative priors to reconstruct realistic textures and motions at low bitrates. However, existing perceptual codecs often lack native support for variable bitrate and progressive delivery, and their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Daowen Li , Ruixiao Dong , Ying Chen , Kai Li , Ding Ding , Li Li

Concept-based interpretability methods are a popular form of explanation for deep learning models which provide explanations in the form of high-level human interpretable concepts. These methods typically find concept activation vectors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Angus Nicolson , Yarin Gal , J. Alison Noble

The opaque reasoning of Graph Neural Networks induces a lack of human trust. Existing graph network explainers attempt to address this issue by providing post-hoc explanations, however, they fail to make the model itself more interpretable.…

Concept-based interpretations of black-box models are often more intuitive for humans to understand. The most widely adopted approach for concept-based interpretation is Concept Activation Vector (CAV). CAV relies on learning a linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Andrew Bai , Chih-Kuan Yeh , Pradeep Ravikumar , Neil Y. C. Lin , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly capable of orchestrating complex tasks in low-code environments. However, these agents often exhibit hallucinations and logical inconsistencies because their inherent reasoning mechanisms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Jiexi Xu , Jiaqi Liu , Lanruo Wang , Su Liu

Recently, Visual Programming (VP) based on large language models (LLMs) has rapidly developed and demonstrated significant potential in complex Visual Reasoning (VR) tasks. Previous works to enhance VP have primarily focused on improving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Wentao Wan , Kaiyu Wu , Qingyang Ma , Nan Kang , Yunjie Chen , Liang Lin , Keze Wang

The demand for reliable AI systems has intensified the need for interpretable deep neural networks. Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) have gained attention as an effective approach by leveraging human-understandable concepts to enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Sangwon Kim , Dasom Ahn , Byoung Chul Ko , In-su Jang , Kwang-Ju Kim

Deep learning methods are highly accurate, yet their opaque decision process prevents them from earning full human trust. Concept-based models aim to address this issue by learning tasks based on a set of human-understandable concepts.…

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