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Artificial neural networks (ANN) have become the mainstream acoustic modeling technique for large vocabulary automatic speech recognition (ASR). A conventional ANN features a multi-layer architecture that requires massive amounts of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Jibin Wu , Emre Yilmaz , Malu Zhang , Haizhou Li , Kay Chen Tan

Towards energy-efficient artificial intelligence similar to the human brain, the bio-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) have advantages of biological plausibility, event-driven sparsity, and binary activation. Recently, large-scale…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Xingrun Xing , Zheng Zhang , Ziyi Ni , Shitao Xiao , Yiming Ju , Siqi Fan , Yequan Wang , Jiajun Zhang , Guoqi Li

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are one of the most promising bio-inspired neural networks models and have drawn increasing attention in recent years. The event-driven communication mechanism of SNNs allows for sparse and theoretically…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Andrea Castagnetti , Alain Pegatoquet , Benoît Miramond

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an attractive spatio-temporal computing paradigm for complex vision tasks. However, most existing works yield models that require many time steps and do not leverage the inherent temporal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Gourav Datta , Haoqin Deng , Robert Aviles , Peter A. Beerel

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) show great potential due to their energy efficiency, fast processing capabilities, and robustness. There are two main approaches to constructing SNNs. Direct training methods require much memory, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Zihan Huang , Xinyu Shi , Zecheng Hao , Tong Bu , Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

SNNs are an active research domain towards energy efficient machine intelligence. Compared to conventional ANNs, SNNs use temporal spike data and bio-plausible neuronal activation functions such as Leaky-Integrate Fire/Integrate Fire…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Abhishek Moitra , Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Runcong Kuang , Gokul Krishnan , Yu Cao , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are the so-called third generation of neural networks which attempt to more closely match the functioning of the biological brain. They inherently encode temporal data, allowing for training with less energy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Chethan M. Parameshwara , Simin Li , Cornelia Fermüller , Nitin J. Sanket , Matthew S. Evanusa , Yiannis Aloimonos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across tasks but remain energy-intensive due to dense matrix operations. Spiking neural networks (SNNs) improve energy efficiency by replacing dense matrix multiplications…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yulong Huang , Jianxiong Tang , Chao Wang , Ziyi Wang , Jianguo Zhang , Zhichao Lu , Bojun Cheng , Luziwei Leng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), known for their biologically plausible architecture, face the challenge of limited performance. The self-attention mechanism, which is the cornerstone of the high-performance Transformer and also a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Zhaokun Zhou , Kaiwei Che , Wei Fang , Keyu Tian , Yuesheng Zhu , Shuicheng Yan , Yonghong Tian , Li Yuan

Intelligent mobile agents (e.g., UGVs and UAVs) typically demand low power/energy consumption when solving their machine learning (ML)-based tasks, since they are usually powered by portable batteries with limited capacity. A potential…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Muhammad Shafique

Agent-based Transformers have been widely adopted in recent reinforcement learning advances due to their demonstrated ability to solve complex tasks. However, the high computational complexity of Transformers often results in significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Mohammad Irfan Uddin , Nishad Tasnim , Md Omor Faruk , Zejian Zhou

We consider two biologically plausible structures, the Spiking Neural Network (SNN) and the self-attention mechanism. The former offers an energy-efficient and event-driven paradigm for deep learning, while the latter has the ability to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Zhaokun Zhou , Yuesheng Zhu , Chao He , Yaowei Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Yonghong Tian , Li Yuan

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) provide an efficient computational mechanism for temporal signal processing, especially when coupled with low-power SNN inference ASICs. SNNs have been historically difficult to configure, lacking a general…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Hannah Bos , Dylan Muir

As the size of large language models continue to scale, so does the computational resources required to run it. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an energy-efficient approach to deep learning that leverage sparse and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Rui-Jie Zhu , Qihang Zhao , Guoqi Li , Jason K. Eshraghian

Known as low energy consumption networks, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained a lot of attention within the past decades. While SNNs are increasing competitive with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for vision tasks, they are rarely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuaijie Shen , Chao Wang , Renzhuo Huang , Yan Zhong , Qinghai Guo , Zhichao Lu , Jianguo Zhang , Luziwei Leng

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) take inspiration from the brain to enable energy-efficient computations. Since the advent of Transformers, SNNs have struggled to compete with artificial networks on modern sequential tasks, as they inherit…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Matei Ioan Stan , Oliver Rhodes

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer an energy-efficient alternative to conventional deep learning by emulating the event-driven processing manner of the brain. Incorporating Transformers with SNNs has shown promise for accuracy. However,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Yuetong Fang , Ziqing Wang , Lingfeng Zhang , Jiahang Cao , Honglei Chen , Renjing Xu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are bio-plausible models that hold great potential for realizing energy-efficient implementations of sequential tasks on resource-constrained edge devices. However, commercial edge platforms based on standard…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Marco Paul E. Apolinario , Adarsh Kumar Kosta , Utkarsh Saxena , Kaushik Roy

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) hold promise for energy-efficient, biologically inspired computing. We identify substantial informatio loss during spike transmission, linked to temporal dependencies in traditional Leaky Integrate-and-Fire…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Guobin Shen , Jindong Li , Tenglong Li , Dongcheng Zhao , Yi Zeng

The remarkable success of Vision Transformers in Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) has led to a growing interest in incorporating the self-attention mechanism and transformer-based architecture into Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). While…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Xinyu Shi , Zecheng Hao , Zhaofei Yu