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Related papers: Scaling can lead to compositional generalization

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Compositional and relational learning is a hallmark of human intelligence, but one which presents challenges for neural models. One difficulty in the development of such models is the lack of benchmarks with clear compositional and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Tim Klinger , Dhaval Adjodah , Vincent Marois , Josh Joseph , Matthew Riemer , Alex 'Sandy' Pentland , Murray Campbell

Despite their strong performance on many tasks, pre-trained language models have been shown to struggle on out-of-distribution compositional generalization. Meanwhile, recent work has shown considerable improvements on many NLP tasks from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Linlu Qiu , Peter Shaw , Panupong Pasupat , Tianze Shi , Jonathan Herzig , Emily Pitler , Fei Sha , Kristina Toutanova

Compositional generalization-a key open challenge in modern machine learning-requires models to predict unknown combinations of known concepts. However, assessing compositional generalization remains a fundamental challenge due to the lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Giacomo Camposampiero , Pietro Barbiero , Michael Hersche , Roger Wattenhofer , Abbas Rahimi

A longstanding question in cognitive science concerns the learning mechanisms underlying compositionality in human cognition. Humans can infer the structured relationships (e.g., grammatical rules) implicit in their sensory observations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Jacob Russin , Roland Fernandez , Hamid Palangi , Eric Rosen , Nebojsa Jojic , Paul Smolensky , Jianfeng Gao

People can learn a new concept and use it compositionally, understanding how to "blicket twice" after learning how to "blicket." In contrast, powerful sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) neural networks fail such tests of compositionality,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Brenden M. Lake

According to the principle of compositional generalization, the meaning of a complex expression can be understood as a function of the meaning of its parts and of how they are combined. This principle is crucial for human language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Sungjun Han , Sebastian Padó

The compositional generalization abilities of neural models have been sought after for human-like linguistic competence. The popular method to evaluate such abilities is to assess the models' input-output behavior. However, that does not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Ryoma Kumon , Hitomi Yanaka

Compositional generalization is a crucial property in artificial intelligence, enabling models to handle novel combinations of known components. While most deep learning models lack this capability, certain models succeed in specific tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Yuanpeng Li

A generally intelligent learner should generalize to more complex tasks than it has previously encountered, but the two common paradigms in machine learning -- either training a separate learner per task or training a single learner for all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Michael B. Chang , Abhishek Gupta , Sergey Levine , Thomas L. Griffiths

Humans can systematically generalize to novel compositions of existing concepts. Recent studies argue that neural networks appear inherently ineffective in such cognitive capacity, leading to a pessimistic view and a lack of attention to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Ning Shi , Boxin Wang , Wei Wang , Xiangyu Liu , Zhouhan Lin

Deep learning algorithms demonstrate a surprising ability to learn high-dimensional tasks from limited examples. This is commonly attributed to the depth of neural networks, enabling them to build a hierarchy of abstract, low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Francesco Cagnetta , Leonardo Petrini , Umberto M. Tomasini , Alessandro Favero , Matthieu Wyart

Compositional generalization is a fundamental trait in humans, allowing us to effortlessly combine known phrases to form novel sentences. Recent works have claimed that standard seq-to-seq models severely lack the ability to compositionally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Arkil Patel , Satwik Bhattamishra , Phil Blunsom , Navin Goyal

Transformers can under some circumstances generalize to novel problem instances whose constituent parts might have been encountered during training, but whose compositions have not. What mechanisms underlie this ability for compositional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Simon Schug , Seijin Kobayashi , Yassir Akram , João Sacramento , Razvan Pascanu

Despite achieving tremendous success, existing deep learning models have exposed limitations in compositional generalization, the capability to learn compositional rules and apply them to unseen cases in a systematic manner. To tackle this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Xinyun Chen , Chen Liang , Adams Wei Yu , Dawn Song , Denny Zhou

In tasks like semantic parsing, instruction following, and question answering, standard deep networks fail to generalize compositionally from small datasets. Many existing approaches overcome this limitation with model architectures that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Ekin Akyürek , Jacob Andreas

Compositional generalization refers to the ability to generalize to novel combinations of previously observed words and syntactic structures. Since it is regarded as a desired property of neural models, recent work has assessed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Ryoma Kumon , Daiki Matsuoka , Hitomi Yanaka

Tree-structured neural networks have proven to be effective in learning semantic representations by exploiting syntactic information. In spite of their success, most existing models suffer from the underfitting problem: they recursively use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-12 Pengfei Liu , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang

How do neural networks trained over sequences acquire the ability to perform structured operations, such as arithmetic, geometric, and algorithmic computation? To gain insight into this question, we introduce the sequential group…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Giovanni Luca Marchetti , Daniel Kunin , Adele Myers , Francisco Acosta , Nina Miolane

Compositionality is thought to be a key component of language, and various compositional benchmarks have been developed to empirically probe the compositional generalization of existing sequence processing models. These benchmarks often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Parikshit Ram , Tim Klinger , Alexander G. Gray

In traditional software programs, it is easy to trace program logic from variables back to input, apply assertion statements to block erroneous behavior, and compose programs together. Although deep learning programs have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Mike Wu , Noah Goodman , Stefano Ermon