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This survey presents a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of hallucination in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), also known as Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), which have demonstrated significant advancements and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zechen Bai , Pichao Wang , Tianjun Xiao , Tong He , Zongbo Han , Zheng Zhang , Mike Zheng Shou

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown unprecedented capabilities in advancing various vision-language tasks. However, MLLMs face significant challenges with hallucinations, and misleading outputs that do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Liangming Pan , William Yang Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Tat-Seng Chua

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have been shown to efficiently integrate natural language with visual information to handle multi-modal tasks. However, MLLMs still face a fundamental limitation of hallucinations, where they tend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Chaoya Jiang , Haiyang Xu , Mengfan Dong , Jiaxing Chen , Wei Ye , Ming Yan , Qinghao Ye , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Shikun Zhang

Recent advancements in large multimodal models (LMMs) have significantly enhanced performance across diverse tasks, with ongoing efforts to further integrate additional modalities such as video and audio. However, most existing LMMs remain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Sicong Leng , Yun Xing , Zesen Cheng , Yang Zhou , Hang Zhang , Xin Li , Deli Zhao , Shijian Lu , Chunyan Miao , Lidong Bing

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse tasks, their practical deployment is severely hindered by hallucination issues, which become particularly acute during Reinforcement Learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Miao Pan , Wangjie Gan , Jintao Chen , Wenqi Zhang , Bing Sun , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable multimodal comprehension and reasoning capabilities, but they still suffer from severe object hallucination. Previous studies primarily attribute the flaw to linguistic prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Haohan Zheng , Zhenguo Zhang

Vision language models (VLM) demonstrate sophisticated multimodal reasoning yet are prone to hallucination when confronted with knowledge conflicts, impeding their deployment in information-sensitive contexts. While existing research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Peter Carragher , Nikitha Rao , Abhinand Jha , R Raghav , Kathleen M. Carley

Multimodal hallucination in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) restricts the correctness of MLLMs. However, multimodal hallucinations are multi-sourced and arise from diverse causes. Existing benchmarks fail to adequately distinguish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Bowen Dong , Minheng Ni , Zitong Huang , Guanglei Yang , Wangmeng Zuo , Lei Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have emerged as a central focus in both industry and academia, but often suffer from biases introduced by visual and language priors, which can lead to multimodal hallucination. These biases arise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Guanyu Zhou , Yibo Yan , Xin Zou , Kun Wang , Aiwei Liu , Xuming Hu

Multimodal Chain-of-Thought (MCoT) models have demonstrated impressive capability in complex visual reasoning tasks. Unfortunately, recent studies reveal that they suffer from severe hallucination problems due to diminished visual attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Ji Ma , Wei Suo , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

The Large Visual Language Models (LVLMs) enhances user interaction and enriches user experience by integrating visual modality on the basis of the Large Language Models (LLMs). It has demonstrated their powerful information processing and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Wei Lan , Wenyi Chen , Qingfeng Chen , Shirui Pan , Huiyu Zhou , Yi Pan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have garnered significant attention recently and demonstrate outstanding capabilities in various tasks such as OCR, VQA, captioning, $\textit{etc}$. However, hallucination remains a persistent issue.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zehao Wang , Xinpeng Liu , Yudonglin Zhang , Xiaoqian Wu , Zhou Fang , Yifan Fang , Junfu Pu , Cewu Lu , Yong-Lu Li

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multimodal task reasoning. However, they often generate responses that appear plausible yet do not accurately reflect the visual content, a phenomenon known…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jiaqi Wang , Yifei Gao , Jitao Sang

Modality-conflict hallucination occurs when multimodal large language models (MLLMs) prioritize erroneous textual premises over contradictory visual evidence. To understand why visual evidence fails to prevail during generation, we take a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jinrui Jiang , Zhangtai Wu , Zhen Wu , Xinyu Dai

The hallucination of large multimodal models (LMMs), providing responses that appear correct but are actually incorrect, limits their reliability and applicability. This paper aims to study the hallucination problem of LMMs in video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Hongcheng Gao , Jiashu Qu , Jingyi Tang , Baolong Bi , Yue Liu , Hongyu Chen , Li Liang , Li Su , Qingming Huang

While Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, they suffer from hallucination problems, where models generate plausible yet incorrect answers given the input image-query pair.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Xiaoye Qu , Mingyang Song , Wei Wei , Jianfeng Dong , Yu Cheng

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in vision-language understanding tasks. While these models often produce linguistically coherent output, they often suffer from hallucinations, generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sujoy Nath , Arkaprabha Basu , Sharanya Dasgupta , Swagatam Das

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from cross-modal hallucinations, where one modality inappropriately influences generation about another, leading to fabricated output. This exposes a more fundamental deficiency in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Sangyun Chung , Se Yeon Kim , Youngchae Chee , Yong Man Ro

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing (NLP) tasks, but they suffer from hallucination, generating plausible yet factually incorrect content. This issue extends to Video-Language Models (VideoLLMs), where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ahmad Khalil , Mahmoud Khalil , Alioune Ngom

Recent development of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) has attracted growing attention within the AI landscape for its practical implementation potential. However, ``hallucination'', or more specifically, the misalignment between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Hanchao Liu , Wenyuan Xue , Yifei Chen , Dapeng Chen , Xiutian Zhao , Ke Wang , Liping Hou , Rongjun Li , Wei Peng
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