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Next-generation Wi-Fi networks are looking forward to introducing new features like multi-link operation (MLO) to both achieve higher throughput and lower latency. However, given the limited number of available channels, the use of multiple…
Federated reinforcement learning (FRL) methods usually share the encrypted local state or policy information and help each client to learn from others while preserving everyone's privacy. In this work, we propose that sharing the…
The introduction of intelligent interconnectivity between the physical and human worlds has attracted great attention for future sixth-generation (6G) networks, emphasizing massive capacity, ultra-low latency, and unparalleled reliability.…
With the rapid deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT), fifth-generation (5G) and beyond 5G networks are required to support massive access of a huge number of devices over limited radio spectrum radio. In wireless networks, different…
Recently, 6G in-X subnetworks have been proposed as low-power short-range radio cells to support localized extreme wireless connectivity inside entities such as industrial robots, vehicles, and the human body. Deployment of in-X subnetworks…
Network slicing enables the operator to configure virtual network instances for diverse services with specific requirements. To achieve the slice-aware radio resource scheduling, dynamic slicing resource partitioning is needed to…
The utilization of large-scale distributed renewable energy promotes the development of the multi-microgrid (MMG), which raises the need of developing an effective energy management method to minimize economic costs and keep self…
The next-generation wireless technologies, including beyond 5G and 6G networks, are paving the way for transformative applications such as vehicle platooning, smart cities, and remote surgery. These innovations are driven by a vast array of…
Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms can solve complex sequential decision tasks successfully. However, they have a major drawback of having poor sample efficiency which can often be tackled by knowledge reuse. In Multi-Agent…
Clustered cell-free networking paves a new way for enabling scalable joint transmission among access points (APs) by partitioning the whole network into non-overlapping subnetworks. Previous works adopted clustering algorithms, graph…
Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…
In this paper, dynamic non-cooperative coexistence between a cognitive pulsed radar and a nearby communications system is addressed by applying nonlinear value function approximation via deep reinforcement learning (Deep RL) to develop a…
Network slicing is a critical technique for 5G communications that covers radio access network (RAN), edge, transport and core slicing.The evolving network architecture requires the orchestration of multiple network resources such as radio…
Federated Reinforcement Learning (FedRL) encourages distributed agents to learn collectively from each other's experience to improve their performance without exchanging their raw trajectories. The existing work on FedRL assumes that all…
In recent advancements in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), its application has extended to various safety-critical scenarios. However, most methods focus on online learning, which presents substantial risks when deployed in…
Distributed Federated Learning (DFL) enables decentralized model training across large-scale systems without a central parameter server. However, DFL faces three critical challenges: privacy leakage from honest-but-curious neighbors, slow…
The 6G network enables a subnetwork-wide evolution, resulting in a "network of subnetworks". However, due to the dynamic mobility of wireless subnetworks, the data transmission of intra-subnetwork and inter-subnetwork will inevitably…
Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) sometimes needs a large amount of data to converge in the training procedure and in some cases, each action of the agent may produce regret. This barrier naturally motivates different data sets or…
Networks in the current 5G and beyond systems increasingly carry heterogeneous traffic with diverse quality-of-service constraints, making real-time routing decisions both complex and time-critical. A common approach, such as a heuristic…
This paper presents a comprehensive survey of Federated Reinforcement Learning (FRL), an emerging and promising field in Reinforcement Learning (RL). Starting with a tutorial of Federated Learning (FL) and RL, we then focus on the…