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Related papers: Speech Tokenizer is Key to Consistent Representati…

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Discrete audio representation, aka audio tokenization, has seen renewed interest driven by its potential to facilitate the application of text language modeling approaches in audio domain. To this end, various compression and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Krishna C. Puvvada , Nithin Rao Koluguri , Kunal Dhawan , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Speech-language models (SLMs) offer a promising path toward unifying speech and text understanding and generation. However, challenges remain in achieving effective cross-modal alignment and high-quality speech generation. In this work, we…

Vocoders received renewed attention as main components in statistical parametric text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis and speech transformation systems. Even though there are vocoding techniques give almost accepted synthesized speech, their high…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Mohammed Salah Al-Radhi , Tamás Gábor Csapó , Géza Németh

The tokenization of speech with neural audio codec models is a vital part of modern AI pipelines for the generation or understanding of speech, alone or in a multimodal context. Traditionally such tokenization models have concentrated on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-02 Julian D Parker , Anton Smirnov , Jordi Pons , CJ Carr , Zack Zukowski , Zach Evans , Xubo Liu

We present VQTalker, a Vector Quantization-based framework for multilingual talking head generation that addresses the challenges of lip synchronization and natural motion across diverse languages. Our approach is grounded in the phonetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Tao Liu , Ziyang Ma , Qi Chen , Feilong Chen , Shuai Fan , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

While expressive speech synthesis or voice conversion systems mainly focus on controlling or manipulating abstract prosodic characteristics of speech, such as emotion or accent, we here address the control of perceptual voice qualities…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-16 Frederik Rautenberg , Michael Kuhlmann , Fritz Seebauer , Jana Wiechmann , Petra Wagner , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach

Voice Conversion(VC) refers to changing the timbre of a speech while retaining the discourse content. Recently, many works have focused on disentangle-based learning techniques to separate the timbre and the linguistic content information…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Huaizhen Tang , Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

Neural audio codecs discretize speech via residual vector quantization (RVQ), forming a coarse-to-fine hierarchy across quantizers. While codec models have been explored for representation learning, their discrete structure remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jinyang Wu , Zihan Pan , Qiquan Zhang , Sailor Hardik Bhupendra , Soumik Mondal

Speech codecs serve as bridges between speech signals and large language models. An ideal codec for speech language models should not only preserve acoustic information but also capture rich semantic information. However, existing speech…

Collecting speech data is an important step in training speech recognition systems and other speech-based machine learning models. However, the issue of privacy protection is an increasing concern that must be addressed. The current study…

A good language model starts with a good tokenizer. Tokenization is especially important for speech modeling, which must handle continuous signals that mix linguistic and non-linguistic information. A speech tokenizer should extract…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zhijie Huang , Stephen McIntosh , Daisuke Saito , Nobuaki Minematsu

The purpose of speech tokenization is to transform a speech signal into a sequence of discrete representations, serving as the foundation for speech language models (SLMs). While speech tokenization has many options, their effect on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shunsuke Kando , Yusuke Miyao , Shinnosuke Takamichi

Speech tokenizers serve as foundational components for speech language models, yet current designs exhibit several limitations, including: 1) dependence on multi-layer residual vector quantization structures or high frame rates, 2) reliance…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yuancheng Wang , Dekun Chen , Xueyao Zhang , Junan Zhang , Jiaqi Li , Zhizheng Wu

Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) has become a dominant approach in neural speech and audio coding, providing high-fidelity compression. However, speech coding presents additional challenges due to real-world noise, which degrades…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yunkee Chae , Kyogu Lee

Speech tokenizers are a key building block of fully discrete Speech LLMs.Existing tokenizers either prioritize semantic encoding,fuse semantic content with acoustic style inseparably,or achieve incomplete semantic-acoustic…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hanlin Zhang , Daxin Tan , Dehua Tao , Xiao Chen , Haochen Tan , Yunhe Li , Yuchen Cao , Linqi Song

Prevalent semantic speech tokenizers, designed to capture linguistic content, are surprisingly fragile. We find they are not robust to meaning-irrelevant acoustic perturbations; even at high Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs) where speech is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yuhan Song , Linhao Zhang , Chuhan Wu , Aiwei Liu , Wei Jia , Houfeng Wang , Xiao Zhou

The residual vector quantization (RVQ) technique plays a central role in recent advances in neural audio codecs. These models effectively synthesize high-fidelity audio from a limited number of codes due to the hierarchical structure among…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Hyeongju Kim , Junhyeok Lee , Jacob Morton , Juheon Lee , Jinhyeok Yang

In this paper, we explore vector quantization for acoustic unit discovery. Leveraging unlabelled data, we aim to learn discrete representations of speech that separate phonetic content from speaker-specific details. We propose two neural…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-20 Benjamin van Niekerk , Leanne Nortje , Herman Kamper

With advances in deep learning, neural network based speech enhancement (SE) has developed rapidly in the last decade. Meanwhile, the self-supervised pre-trained model and vector quantization (VQ) have achieved excellent performance on many…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-17 Xiao-Ying Zhao , Qiu-Shi Zhu , Jie Zhang

Zero-shot voice conversion is a technique that alters the speaker identity of an input speech to match a target speaker using only a single reference utterance, without requiring additional training. Recent approaches extensively utilize…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Youngjun Sim , Jinsung Yoon , Wooyeol Jeong , Young-Joo Suh