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Deep learning methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are difficult to directly utilize to analyze whole slide images (WSIs) due to the large image dimensions. We overcome this limitation by proposing a novel two-stage…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-15 Shivam Kalra , Mohammed Adnan , Sobhan Hemati , Taher Dehkharghanian , Shahryar Rahnamayan , Hamid Tizhoosh

Foundation models are reshaping computational pathology by enabling transfer learning, where models pre-trained on vast datasets can be adapted for downstream diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic response tasks. Despite these advances,…

Deploying digital pathology models across medical centers is challenging due to distribution shifts. Recent advances in domain generalization improve model transferability in terms of aggregated performance measured by the Area Under Curve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Arthur Pignet , John Klein , Genevieve Robin , Antoine Olivier

Digital pathology is revolutionizing the field of pathology by enabling the digitization, storage, and analysis of tissue samples as whole slide images (WSIs). WSIs are gigapixel files that capture the intricate details of tissue samples,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-10 S. Hemati , Krishna R. Kalari , H. R. Tizhoosh

Computational pathology involves the digitization of stained tissues into whole-slide images (WSIs) that contain billions of pixels arranged as contiguous patches. Statistical analysis of WSIs largely focuses on classification via multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 So Won Jeong , Veronika Ročková

Whole slide imaging (WSI) is an emerging technology for digital pathology. The process of autofocusing is the main influence of the performance of WSI. Traditional autofocusing methods either are time-consuming due to repetitive mechanical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-17 Qiang Li , Xianming Liu , Kaige Han , Cheng Guo , Xiangyang Ji , Xiaolin Wu

Cancer survival prediction from whole slide images (WSIs) is a challenging task in computational pathology due to the large size, irregular shape, and high granularity of the WSIs. These characteristics make it difficult to capture the full…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-05 Rustin Soraki , Huayu Wang , Joann G. Elmore , Linda Shapiro

Advancement in digital pathology and artificial intelligence has enabled deep learning-based computer vision techniques for automated disease diagnosis and prognosis. However, WSIs present unique computational and algorithmic challenges.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yash Sharma , Lubaina Ehsan , Sana Syed , Donald E. Brown

While high-resolution pathology images lend themselves well to `data hungry' deep learning algorithms, obtaining exhaustive annotations on these images is a major challenge. In this paper, we propose a self-supervised CNN approach to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Navid Alemi Koohbanani , Balagopal Unnikrishnan , Syed Ali Khurram , Pavitra Krishnaswamy , Nasir Rajpoot

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) are giga-pixel in scale and are typically partitioned into small instances in WSI classification pipelines for computational feasibility. However, obtaining extensive instance level annotations is costly, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jayanie Bogahawatte , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge

Whole-slide images are central to digital pathology, yet their extreme size and scarce annotations make self-supervised learning essential. Masked Autoencoders (MAEs) with Vision Transformer backbones have recently shown strong potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Raneen Younis , Louay Hamdi , Lukas Chavez , Zahra Ahmadi

Computational pathology (CPath) has shown great potential in mining actionable insights from Whole Slide Images (WSIs). Deep Learning (DL) has been at the center of modern CPath, and while it delivers unprecedented performance, it is also…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-31 Gianluca Carloni , Biagio Brattoli , Seongho Keum , Jongchan Park , Taebum Lee , Chang Ho Ahn , Sergio Pereira

Recent advancements in computational pathology have produced patch-level Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), but these models are limited by their inability to analyze whole slide images (WSIs) comprehensively and their tendency to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Yuci Liang , Xinheng Lyu , Wenting Chen , Meidan Ding , Jipeng Zhang , Xiangjian He , Song Wu , Xiaohan Xing , Sen Yang , Xiyue Wang , Linlin Shen

Rapid progress in computational pathology is increasingly driven by vision foundation models pretrained on vast histopathology datasets. While recent efforts have prioritized training on an ever-larger amount of patches, we take an…

Interpretation of giga-pixel whole-slide images (WSIs) is an important but difficult task for pathologists. Their diagnostic accuracy is estimated to average around 70%. Adding a second pathologist does not substantially improve decision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Veronica Thai , Rui Li , Meng Ling , Shuning Jiang , Jeremy Wolfe , Raghu Machiraju , Yan Hu , Zaibo Li , Anil Parwani , Jian Chen

Computational pathology, which involves analyzing whole slide images for automated cancer diagnosis, relies on multiple instance learning, where performance depends heavily on the feature extractor and aggregator. Recent Pathology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Conghao Xiong , Hao Chen , Joseph J. Y. Sung

The field of computational pathology has recently seen rapid advances driven by the development of modern vision foundation models (FMs), typically trained on vast collections of pathology images. Recent studies demonstrate that increasing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Mikhail Karasikov , Joost van Doorn , Nicolas Känzig , Melis Erdal Cesur , Hugo Mark Horlings , Robert Berke , Fei Tang , Sebastian Otálora

The interpretation of histopathology cases underlies many important diagnostic and treatment decisions in medicine. Notably, this process typically requires pathologists to integrate and summarize findings across multiple slides per case.…

[Purpose] The pathology is decisive for disease diagnosis, but relies heavily on the experienced pathologists. Recently, pathological artificial intelligence (PAI) is thought to improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. However, the high…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-25 Yuanqing Yang , Kai Sun , Yanhua Gao , Kuangsong Wang , Gang Yu

Whole slide imaging (WSI) refers to the digitization of a tissue specimen which enables pathologists to explore high-resolution images on a monitor rather than through a microscope. The formation of tissue folds occur during tissue…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-19 Morteza Babaie , H. R. Tizhoosh