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Offline Goal-Conditioned RL (GCRL) offers a feasible paradigm for learning general-purpose policies from diverse and multi-task offline datasets. Despite notable recent progress, the predominant offline GCRL methods, mainly model-free, face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Mianchu Wang , Rui Yang , Xi Chen , Hao Sun , Meng Fang , Giovanni Montana

Skills are essential for unlocking higher levels of problem solving. A common approach to discovering these skills is to learn ones that reliably reach different states, thus empowering the agent to control its environment. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jonathan Colaço Carr , Qinyi Sun , Cameron Allen

Reinforcement learning can train policies that effectively perform complex tasks. However for long-horizon tasks, the performance of these methods degrades with horizon, often necessitating reasoning over and chaining lower-level skills.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Dhruv Shah , Peng Xu , Yao Lu , Ted Xiao , Alexander Toshev , Sergey Levine , Brian Ichter

Everyday tasks of long-horizon and comprising a sequence of multiple implicit subtasks still impose a major challenge in offline robot control. While a number of prior methods aimed to address this setting with variants of imitation and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Erick Rosete-Beas , Oier Mees , Gabriel Kalweit , Joschka Boedecker , Wolfram Burgard

Goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL) refers to learning general-purpose skills that aim to reach diverse goals. In particular, offline GCRL only requires purely pre-collected datasets to perform training tasks without additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Hanlin Zhu , Amy Zhang

Many applications of reinforcement learning can be formalized as goal-conditioned environments, where, in each episode, there is a "goal" that affects the rewards obtained during that episode but does not affect the dynamics. Various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Alexander Levine , Soheil Feizi

Unsupervised skill discovery aims to learn diverse and distinguishable behaviors in open-ended reinforcement learning. For existing methods, they focus on improving diversity through pure exploration, mutual information optimization, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 He Zhang , Ming Zhou , Shaopeng Zhai , Ying Sun , Hui Xiong

For an autonomous agent to fulfill a wide range of user-specified goals at test time, it must be able to learn broadly applicable and general-purpose skill repertoires. Furthermore, to provide the requisite level of generality, these skills…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Ashvin Nair , Vitchyr Pong , Murtaza Dalal , Shikhar Bahl , Steven Lin , Sergey Levine

Offline imitation learning (IL) refers to learning expert behavior solely from demonstrations, without any additional interaction with the environment. Despite significant advances in offline IL, existing techniques find it challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Abhinav Jain , Vaibhav Unhelkar

Offline meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) methods, which adapt to unseen target tasks with prior experience, are essential in robot control tasks. Current methods typically utilize task contexts and skills as prior experience, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Hongcai He , Anjie Zhu , Shuang Liang , Feiyu Chen , Jie Shao

A key challenge in scaling up Reinforcement Learning is generalizing learned behaviour. Without the ability to carry forward acquired knowledge an agent is doomed to learn each task from scratch. In this paper we develop a new formalism for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Ruben Vereecken , Luke Dickens , Alessandra Russo

Equipping large language models with explicit skills has emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling autonomous agents to solve complex tasks. Agent skills can be inherently divided into general skills for broad cognitive transfer and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jiapeng Zhu , Jianxiang Yu , Yibo Zhao , Chengcheng Han , Qi Gu , Xunliang Cai , Xiang Li , Weining Qian

Enabling reinforcement learning (RL) agents to leverage a knowledge base while learning from experience promises to advance RL in knowledge intensive domains. However, it has proven difficult to leverage knowledge that is not manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Niklas Höpner , Ilaria Tiddi , Herke van Hoof

Learning cooperative multi-agent policy from offline multi-task data that can generalize to unseen tasks with varying numbers of agents and targets is an attractive problem in many scenarios. Although aggregating general behavior patterns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Sicong Liu , Yang Shu , Chenjuan Guo , Bin Yang

Can we use reinforcement learning to learn general-purpose policies that can perform a wide range of different tasks, resulting in flexible and reusable skills? Contextual policies provide this capability in principle, but the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Soroush Nasiriany , Vitchyr H. Pong , Ashvin Nair , Alexander Khazatsky , Glen Berseth , Sergey Levine

Identifying statistical regularities in solutions to some tasks in multi-task reinforcement learning can accelerate the learning of new tasks. Skill learning offers one way of identifying these regularities by decomposing pre-collected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Yiding Jiang , Evan Zheran Liu , Benjamin Eysenbach , Zico Kolter , Chelsea Finn

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely used to train LLM agents for multi-turn interactive tasks, but its sample efficiency is severely limited by sparse rewards and long horizons. On-policy self-distillation (OPSD) alleviates this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hao Wang , Guozhi Wang , Han Xiao , Yufeng Zhou , Yue Pan , Jichao Wang , Ke Xu , Yafei Wen , Xiaohu Ruan , Xiaoxin Chen , Honggang Qi

Open-ended learning benefits immensely from the use of symbolic methods for goal representation as they offer ways to structure knowledge for efficient and transferable learning. However, the existing Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Mehdi Zadem , Sergio Mover , Sao Mai Nguyen

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) via Supervised Learning is a simple and effective way to learn robotic skills from a dataset collected by policies of different expertise levels. It is as simple as supervised learning and Behavior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-25 Alexandre Piche , Rafael Pardinas , David Vazquez , Igor Mordatch , Chris Pal

End-to-end learning robotic manipulation with high data efficiency is one of the key challenges in robotics. The latest methods that utilize human demonstration data and unsupervised representation learning has proven to be a promising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Jin Li , Xianyuan Zhan , Zixu Xiao , Guyue Zhou