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We study the photometric and spectral properties of 39320 early-type galaxies within the SDSS, as a function of both local environment and redshift. The distance to the nearest cluster of galaxies and the distance to the 10th nearest…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Bernardi , R. C. Nichol , R. K. Sheth , C. J. Miller , J. Brinkmann

Elliptical and S0 galaxies dominate the galaxy population in nearby rich clusters such as Coma. Studies of the evolution of the colors, M/L ratios, and line indices of early-type galaxies indicate that they have been a highly homogeneous,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pieter G. van Dokkum

Motivated by the recent JWST discovery of galaxy overdensities during the Epoch of Reionzation, we examine the physical properties of high-$z$ protoclusters and their evolution using the FLAMINGO simulation suite. We investigate the impact…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-25 Seunghwan Lim , Sandro Tacchella , Joop Schaye , Matthieu Schaller , Jakob M. Helton , Roi Kugel , Roberto Maiolino

We study the morphology of galaxy populations of the richest superclusters from the catalogue of superclusters of galaxies in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey using the luminosity density distribution and Minkowski functional V3. We compare…

Cosmological simulations are crucial tools in studying the Universe, but they typically do not directly match real observed structures. Constrained cosmological simulations, on the other hand, are designed to match the observed distribution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-03 Metin Ata , Khee-Gan Lee , Claudio Dalla Vecchia , Francisco-Shu Kitaura , Olga Cucciati , Brian C. Lemaux , Daichi Kashino , Thomas Müller

The unprecedented angular resolution and sensitivity of ALMA makes it possible to unveil disk populations in distant ($>$2 kpc), embedded young cluster environments. We have conducted an observation towards the central region of the massive…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-07 Yu Cheng , Jonathan C. Tan , John J. Tobin , Ruben Fedriani , Morten Andersen , Junfeng Wang

We report the discovery of a Lyman-alpha emitter (LAE) protocluster at z = 4.90 in the COSMOS field, comprising four distinct overdensity peaks spanning ~65 x 36 cMpc$^2$, with the primary concentration exhibiting a 4-fold surface density…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-06 Ronaldo Laishram , Yusei Koyama , Haruka Kusakabe , Satoshi Kikuta , Shunta Shimizu , Tadayuki Kodama

We investigated the evolution of the physical properties of the brightest galaxies in clusters and their protohalos from $z = 4$ to $z = 0$. Galaxy clusters and groups are identified using a halo-based group finder applied to the COSMOS2020…

There is controversy whether dusty starbursts selected at submillimeter wavelengths can trace galaxy overdensities. We perform the first systematic search for protoclusters around a homogeneously selected sample of 12 spectroscopically…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-07-26 R. Calvi , G. Castignani , H. Dannerbauer

We report the detection of a pair of massive quiescent galaxies likely in the process of merging at the center of the spectroscopically confirmed, extremely massive protocluster BOSS1244 at $z=2.24\pm0.02$. These galaxies, BOSS1244-QG1 and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-21 Dongdong Shi , Xin Wang , XianZhong Zheng , Zheng Cai , Xiaohui Fan , Fuyan Bian , Harry I. Teplitz

Observational advances have allowed the detection of galaxies, protoclusters, and galaxy clusters at higher and higher redshifts, opening a new view into extreme galaxy evolution. I present an argument that the high redshift, massive…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-06 Douglas Rennehan

We present spectroscopic confirmation of two new massive galaxy protoclusters at $z=2.24\pm0.02$, BOSS1244 and BOSS1542, traced by groups of Coherently Strong Ly$\alpha$ Absorption (CoSLA) systems imprinted in the absorption spectra of a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-07-07 Dongdong Shi , Zheng Cai , Xiaohui Fan , XianZhong Zheng , Yun-Hsin Huang , Jiachuan Xu

We have developed a search methodology to identify galaxy protoclusters at $z>2.74$, and implemented it on a sample of $\sim$14,000 galaxies with previously measured redshifts. The results of this search are recorded in the Candidate…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-02-03 J. R. Franck , S. S. McGaugh

We report a discovery of proto-cluster candidates around high redshift radio galaxies at z~2.5 on the basis of clear statistical excess of colour-selected galaxies around them seen in the deep near-infrared imaging data obtained with CISCO…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Masaru Kajisawa , Tadayuki Kodama , Ichi Tanaka , Toru Yamada , Richard Bower

The high-redshift progenitors of present-day galaxy clusters are believed to substantially contribute to the global star-formation rate density and drive the large-scale reionization of the Universe. Here we present a blind and unbiased…

In the Milky Way there are thousands of stellar clusters each harboring from a hundred to a million stars. Although clusters are common, the initial conditions of cluster formation are still not well understood. To determine the processes…

Studies of galaxy protoclusters yield insights into galaxy cluster formation complementary to those obtained via `archaeological' studies of present-day galaxy clusters. Submillimetre-selected galaxies (SMGs) are one class of sources used…

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed an unexpected excess of UV-bright galaxies at z>10, unaccounted for by extrapolations from pre-JWST observations and theoretical models. Understanding the physical properties and star…

The over-dense environments of protoclusters of galaxies in the early Universe (z>2) are expected to accelerate the evolution of galaxies, with an increased rate of stellar mass assembly and black hole accretion compared to co-eval galaxies…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-12-02 N. K. Hine , J. E. Geach , D. M. Alexander , B. D. Lehmer , S C. Chapman , Y. Matsuda

Protoclusters at $z>2$ are gas-rich regions characterized by high star-formation activity. The same physical properties that enhance star formation in protoclusters are also thought to boost the growth of SMBHs. We aim to test this scenario…