Related papers: Ontological differentiation as a measure of semant…
Compositionality in language refers to how much the meaning of some phrase can be decomposed into the meaning of its constituents and the way these constituents are combined. Based on the premise that substitution by synonyms is…
We propose a general framework called Network Dissection for quantifying the interpretability of latent representations of CNNs by evaluating the alignment between individual hidden units and a set of semantic concepts. Given any CNN model,…
Distributional semantics models derive word space from linguistic items in context. Meaning is obtained by defining a distance measure between vectors corresponding to lexical entities. Such vectors present several problems. In this paper…
Semantically coherent out-of-distribution (SCOOD) detection aims to discern outliers from the intended data distribution with access to unlabeled extra set. The coexistence of in-distribution and out-of-distribution samples will exacerbate…
Word similarity has many applications to social science and cultural analytics tasks like measuring meaning change over time and making sense of contested terms. Yet traditional similarity methods based on cosine similarity between word…
Semantic web is the next generation web, which concerns the meaning of web documents It has the immense power to pull out the most relevant information from the web pages, which is also meaningful to any user, using software agents. In…
Deep neural networks (DNNs), while increasingly deployed in many applications, struggle with robustness against anomalous and out-of-distribution (OOD) data. Current OOD benchmarks often oversimplify, focusing on single-object tasks and not…
Current out-of-distribution (OOD) detection benchmarks are commonly built by defining one dataset as in-distribution (ID) and all others as OOD. However, these benchmarks unfortunately introduce some unwanted and impractical goals, e.g., to…
Recent white-box OOD detection methods for LLMs -- including CED, RAUQ, and WildGuard confidence scores -- appear effective, but we show they are structurally confounded by sequence length (|r| >= 0.61) and collapse to near-chance under…
Semantic Shift Detection (SSD) is the task of identifying, interpreting, and assessing the possible change over time in the meanings of a target word. Traditionally, SSD has been addressed by linguists and social scientists through manual…
Cross-modal alignment is a crucial task in multimodal learning aimed at achieving semantic consistency between vision and language. This requires that image-text pairs exhibit similar semantics. Traditional algorithms pursue embedding…
State-of-the-art Object Detection (OD) methods predominantly operate under a closed-world assumption, where test-time categories match those encountered during training. However, detecting and localizing unknown objects is crucial for…
Textual queries are largely employed in information retrieval to let users specify search goals in a natural way. However, differences in user and system terminologies can challenge the identification of the user's information needs, and…
Deep neural networks achieve superior performance in semantic segmentation, but are limited to a predefined set of classes, which leads to failures when they encounter unknown objects in open-world scenarios. Recognizing and segmenting…
This paper proposes a novel out-of-distribution (OOD) detection framework named MoodCat for image classifiers. MoodCat masks a random portion of the input image and uses a generative model to synthesize the masked image to a new image…
The existing information retrieval techniques do not consider the context of the keywords present in the user's queries. Therefore, the search engines sometimes do not provide sufficient information to the users. New methods based on the…
In this paper we use results from Computable Set Theory as a means to represent and reason about description logics and rule languages for the semantic web. Specifically, we introduce the description logic $\mathcal{DL}\langle…
It is often stated that human languages, as other biological systems, are shaped by cost-cutting pressures but, to what extent? Attempts to quantify the degree of optimality of languages by means of an optimality score have been scarce and…
Detecting anomalies or out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is critical for maintaining the reliability and trustworthiness of machine learning systems. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their effectiveness not only in…
Characterizing judgments of similarity within a perceptual or semantic domain, and making inferences about the underlying structure of this domain from these judgments, has an increasingly important role in cognitive and systems…