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Training reinforcement learning (RL) systems in real-world environments remains challenging due to noisy supervision and poor out-of-domain (OOD) generalization, especially in LLM post-training. Recent distributional RL methods improve…

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) introduce a new paradigm for language generation, which in turn presents new challenges for aligning them with human preferences. In this work, we aim to improve the policy optimization for dLLMs by…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is pivotal for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of diffusion large language models (dLLMs). However, existing dLLM policy optimization methods suffer from two critical reliability bottlenecks: (1) reward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Leyi Pan , Shuchang Tao , Yunpeng Zhai , Zheyu Fu , Liancheng Fang , Minghua He , Lingzhe Zhang , Zhaoyang Liu , Bolin Ding , Aiwei Liu , Lijie Wen

Diffusion language models (DLMs) enable parallel, order-agnostic generation with iterative refinement, offering a flexible alternative to autoregressive large language models (LLMs). However, adapting reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Kevin Rojas , Jiahe Lin , Kashif Rasul , Anderson Schneider , Yuriy Nevmyvaka , Molei Tao , Wei Deng

This work explores the potential of using differentiable simulation for learning quadruped locomotion. Differentiable simulation promises fast convergence and stable training by computing low-variance first-order gradients using robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yunlong Song , Sangbae Kim , Davide Scaramuzza

Mastering dexterous robotic manipulation of deformable objects is vital for overcoming the limitations of parallel grippers in real-world applications. Current trajectory optimisation approaches often struggle to solve such tasks due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Jun Yamada , Shaohong Zhong , Jack Collins , Ingmar Posner

The ability to learn multi-modal action distributions is indispensable for robotic manipulation policies to perform precise and robust control. Flow-based generative models have recently emerged as a promising solution to learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Guowei Zou , Haitao Wang , Hejun Wu , Yukun Qian , Yuhang Wang , Weibing Li

We introduce Diffusion World Model (DWM), a conditional diffusion model capable of predicting multistep future states and rewards concurrently. As opposed to traditional one-step dynamics models, DWM offers long-horizon predictions in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Zihan Ding , Amy Zhang , Yuandong Tian , Qinqing Zheng

Tactile information is important for robust performance in robotic tasks that involve physical interaction, such as object manipulation. However, with more data included in the reasoning and control process, modeling behavior becomes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Luca Lach , Francesco Ferro , Robert Haschke

Recently, the diffusion model has emerged as a powerful generative technique for robotic policy learning, capable of modeling multi-mode action distributions. Leveraging its capability for end-to-end autonomous driving is a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Bencheng Liao , Shaoyu Chen , Haoran Yin , Bo Jiang , Cheng Wang , Sixu Yan , Xinbang Zhang , Xiangyu Li , Ying Zhang , Qian Zhang , Xinggang Wang

Embodied agents, such as robots and virtual characters, must continuously select actions to execute tasks effectively, solving complex sequential decision-making problems. Given the difficulty of designing such controllers manually,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Pedro Santana

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that allow for precise control over the characteristics of the generated samples. While these diffusion models trained on large datasets have achieved success, there is often a need to…

Federated Reinforcement Learning (FRL) has been deemed as a promising solution for intelligent decision-making in the era of Artificial Internet of Things. However, existing FRL approaches often entail repeated interactions with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Sheng Yue , Zerui Qin , Xingyuan Hua , Yongheng Deng , Ju Ren

Multitask learning poses significant challenges due to the highly multimodal and diverse nature of robot action distributions. However, effectively fitting policies to these complex task distributions is often difficult, and existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Chaoqi Liu , Haonan Chen , Sigmund H. Høeg , Shaoxiong Yao , Yunzhu Li , Kris Hauser , Yilun Du

This paper presents a decentralized leader-follower multi-robot formation control based on a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm applied to a swarm of small educational Sphero robots. Since the basic Q-learning method is known to require…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Juraj Obradovic , Marko Krizmancic , Stjepan Bogdan

Legged locomotion in unstructured environments demands not only high-performance control policies but also formal guarantees to ensure robustness under perturbations. Control methods often require carefully designed reference trajectories,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Vrushabh Zinage , Narek Harutyunyan , Eric Verheyden , Fred Y. Hadaegh , Soon-Jo Chung

Recent research has shown that fine-tuning diffusion models (DMs) with arbitrary rewards, including non-differentiable ones, is feasible with reinforcement learning (RL) techniques, enabling flexible model alignment. However, applying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Zhiwei Jia , Yuesong Nan , Huixi Zhao , Gengdai Liu

Diffusion Policy is a powerful technique tool for learning end-to-end visuomotor robot control. It is expected that Diffusion Policy possesses scalability, a key attribute for deep neural networks, typically suggesting that increasing model…

Offline reinforcement learning methods hold the promise of learning policies from pre-collected datasets without the need to query the environment for new transitions. This setting is particularly well-suited for continuous control robotic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Xi Chen , Ali Ghadirzadeh , Tianhe Yu , Yuan Gao , Jianhao Wang , Wenzhe Li , Bin Liang , Chelsea Finn , Chongjie Zhang

Building effective imitation learning methods that enable robots to learn from limited data and still generalize across diverse real-world environments is a long-standing problem in robot learning. We propose Equibot, a robust,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Jingyun Yang , Zi-ang Cao , Congyue Deng , Rika Antonova , Shuran Song , Jeannette Bohg