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Long-form deep research requires multi-faceted investigations over extended horizons to get a comprehensive report. When handling such complex tasks, existing agents manage context at the subtask level to overcome linear context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yilong Xu , Zhi Zheng , Xiang Long , Yujun Cai , Yiwei Wang

Deep-Research agents, which integrate large language models (LLMs) with search tools, have shown success in improving the effectiveness of handling complex queries that require iterative search planning and reasoning over search results.…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in Deep Research or Wide Search, their capacity to solve highly complex questions-those requiring long-horizon planning, massive evidence gathering, and synthesis across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yubo Dong , Nianhao You , Yuxuan Hou , Zixun Sun , Yue Zhang , Liang Zhang , Siyuan Zhao , Hehe Fan

Evaluating AI agents on comprehensive benchmarks is expensive because each evaluation requires interactive rollouts with tool use and multi-step reasoning. We study whether small task subsets can preserve agent rankings at substantially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Franck Ndzomga

Large Language Models (LLMs) equipped with web search capabilities have demonstrated impressive potential for deep research tasks. However, current approaches predominantly rely on either manually engineered prompts (prompt…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yuxiang Zheng , Dayuan Fu , Xiangkun Hu , Xiaojie Cai , Lyumanshan Ye , Pengrui Lu , Pengfei Liu

Deep research agents face vast, interdependent, and pervasively uncertain information. Existing systems explore what evolving intermediate representations should look like, but leave their evolution to the LLM's implicit reasoning. Without…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Haolang Zhao , Yunbo Long , Lukas Beckenbauer , Alexandra Brintrup

RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) systems and web agents are increasingly evaluated on multi-hop deep search tasks, yet current practice suffers from two major limitations. First, most benchmarks leak the reasoning path in the question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Maojia Song , Renhang Liu , Xinyu Wang , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou , Dorien Herremans , Soujanya Poria

Deep Research (DR) systems help researchers cope with ballooning publishing counts. Such tools synthesize scientific papers to answer research queries, but lack understanding of their users. We address this with MyScholarQA (MySQA), a…

Human-Computer Interaction has been shown to lead to improvements in machine learning systems by boosting model performance, accelerating learning and building user confidence. In this work, we aim to alleviate the expectation that human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Jonathan Erskine , Matt Clifford , Alexander Hepburn , Raúl Santos-Rodríguez

This survey examines the rapidly evolving field of Deep Research systems -- AI-powered applications that automate complex research workflows through the integration of large language models, advanced information retrieval, and autonomous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Renjun Xu , Jingwen Peng

We present an open deep research system for long-form question answering, selected as a winning system in the text-to-text track of the MMU-RAG competition at NeurIPS 2025. The system combines an open-source large language model (LLM) with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ikuya Yamada , Wataru Ikeda , Ko Yoshida , Mengyu Ye , Hinata Sugimoto , Masatoshi Suzuki , Hisanori Ozaki , Jun Suzuki

Deep search agents, which autonomously iterate through multi-turn web-based reasoning, represent a promising paradigm for complex information-seeking tasks. However, current agents suffer from critical inefficiency: they conduct excessive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Wenlin Zhang , Kuicai Dong , Junyi Li , Yingyi Zhang , Xiaopeng Li , Pengyue Jia , Yi Wen , Derong Xu , Maolin Wang , Yichao Wang , Yong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

Human-annotated preference data play an important role in aligning large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we study two connected questions: how to monitor the quality of human preference annotators and how to incentivize them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shang Liu , Hanzhao Wang , Zhongyao Ma , Xiaocheng Li

Deep research agents increasingly interleave web browsing with multi-step computation, yet existing benchmarks evaluate these capabilities in isolation, creating a blind spot in assessing real-world performance. We introduce DRBENCHER, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Young-Suk Lee , Ramon Fernandez Astudillo , Radu Florian

Generative search engines and deep research LLM agents promise trustworthy, source-grounded synthesis, yet users regularly encounter overconfidence, weak sourcing, and confusing citation practices. We introduce DeepTRACE, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Philippe Laban , Yilun Zhou , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Yixin Mao , Chien-Sheng Wu

Web agents, which couple language models with browsing and tool-use capabilities, show promise as open web assistants. Yet progress is increasingly limited by the lack of scalable, process-level supervision. Existing benchmarks are largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tenghao Huang , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Prafulla Kumar Choubey , Yilun Zhou , Muhao Chen , Jonathan May , Chien-Sheng Wu

The ability to research and synthesize knowledge is central to human expertise and progress. A new class of AI systems--designed for generative research synthesis--aims to automate this process by retrieving information from the live web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Liana Patel , Negar Arabzadeh , Harshit Gupta , Ankita Sundar , Ion Stoica , Matei Zaharia , Carlos Guestrin

We introduce ResearchGym, a benchmark and execution environment for evaluating AI agents on end-to-end research. To instantiate this, we repurpose five oral and spotlight papers from ICML, ICLR, and ACL. From each paper's repository, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Aniketh Garikaparthi , Manasi Patwardhan , Arman Cohan

In recent times, a large number of people have been involved in establishing their own businesses. Unlike humans, chatbots can serve multiple customers at a time, are available 24/7 and reply in less than a fraction of a second. Though…

We present the problem of finding comparable researchers for any given researcher. This problem has many motivations. Firstly, know thyself. The answers of where we stand among research community and who we are most alike may not be easily…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2014-07-08 Graham Cormode , S. Muthukrishnan , Jinyun Yan