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In many industrial settings, users wish to ask questions in natural language, the answers to which require assembling information from diverse structured data sources. With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), applications can now…

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents increasingly rely on APIs to operate complex web applications, but rapid evolution often leads to incomplete or inconsistent API documentation. Existing work falls into two categories: (1) static,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yanjing Yang , Chenxing Zhong , Ke Han , Zeru Cheng , Jinwei Xu , Xin Zhou , He Zhang , Bohan Liu

Modern web applications make extensive use of API calls to update the UI state in response to user events or server-side changes. For such applications, API-level testing can play an important role, in-between unit-level testing and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Rahulkrishna Yandrapally , Saurabh Sinha , Rachel Tzoref-Brill , Ali Mesbah

Following the boost in popularity of online social networks, both enterprises and researchers looked for ways to access the social dynamics information and user generated content residing in these spaces. This endeavor, however, presented…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Magdalini Kardara , Vasilis Kalogirou , Athanasios Papaoikonomou , Theodora Varvarigou , Konstantinos Tserpes

The given paper presents an overview of modern RESTful API description languages (belongs to interface description languages set) - OpenAPI, RAML, WADL, Slate - designed to provide a structured description of a RESTful web APIs (that is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Kyrylo Malakhov , Oleksandr Kurgaev , Vitalii Velychko

Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing Software Engineering (SE) by introducing innovative methods for tasks such as collecting requirements, designing software, generating code, and creating test cases, among others. This article…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Malik Abdul Sami , Zeeshan Rasheed , Muhammad Waseem , Zheying Zhang , Tomas Herda , Pekka Abrahamsson

AI search depends on linking large language models (LLMs) with vast external knowledge sources. Yet web pages, PDF files, and other raw documents are not inherently LLM-ready: they are long, noisy, and unstructured. Conventional retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Hongjin Qian , Zheng Liu

This paper introduces a no-code, machine-readable documentation framework for open datasets, with a focus on responsible AI (RAI) considerations. The framework aims to improve comprehensibility, and usability of open datasets, facilitating…

This paper will discuss the challenges in tooling around the management and utilization of knowledge space structures, via standardized APIs for external Adaptive Learning Systems (ALS) to consume. It then describes how these challenges are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-12-08 Syed Nasar

Recent advancements in integrating large language models (LLMs) with application programming interfaces (APIs) have gained significant interest in both academia and industry. Recent work demonstrates that these API-based agents exhibit…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Haiyang Shen , Yue Li , Desong Meng , Dongqi Cai , Sheng Qi , Li Zhang , Mengwei Xu , Yun Ma

The performance gap between closed-source and open-source large language models (LLMs) is largely attributed to disparities in access to high-quality training data. To bridge this gap, we introduce a novel framework for the automated…

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have empowered AI agents capable of performing various sequential decision-making tasks. However, effectively guiding LLMs to perform well in unfamiliar domains like web navigation, where they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Yao Fu , Dong-Ki Kim , Jaekyeom Kim , Sungryull Sohn , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Kyunghoon Bae , Honglak Lee

Application Programming Interfaces (API) are exposed to developers in order to reuse software libraries. API directives are natural-language statements in API documentation that make developers aware of constraints and guidelines related to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Martin Monperrus , Michael Eichberg , Elif Tekes , Mira Mezini

Unstructured text from legal, medical, and administrative sources offers a rich but underutilized resource for research in public health and the social sciences. However, large-scale analysis is hampered by two key challenges: the presence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Anders Ledberg , Anna Thalén

Training deep research agents requires long-horizon trajectories that interleave search, evidence aggregation, and multi-step reasoning. However, existing data collection pipelines typically rely on proprietary web APIs, making large-scale…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhuofeng Li , Dongfu Jiang , Xueguang Ma , Haoxiang Zhang , Ping Nie , Yuyu Zhang , Kai Zou , Jianwen Xie , Yu Zhang , Wenhu Chen

The rapid growth in the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) and AI Agents as part of software development and deployment is revolutionizing the information technology landscape. While code generation receives significant attention, a…

With the advancements in the enterprise-level business development, the demand for new applications and services is overwhelming. For the development and delivery of such applications and services, enterprise businesses rely on Application…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Fatima Hussain , Rasheed Hussain , Brett Noye , Salah Sharieh

Large language models (LLMs) have greatly accelerated the automation of algorithm generation and optimization. However, current methods such as EoH and FunSearch mainly rely on predefined templates and expert-specified functions that focus…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Zhe Zhao , Haibin Wen , Pengkun Wang , Ye Wei , Zaixi Zhang , Xi Lin , Fei Liu , Bo An , Hui Xiong , Yang Wang , Qingfu Zhang

Defects in requirements specifications can have severe consequences during the software development lifecycle. Some of them result in overall project failure due to incorrect or missing quality characteristics such as security. There are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-28 H. Villamizar , A. A. Neto , M. Kalinowski , A. Garcia , D. Mendez Fernández

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized various sectors by automating routine tasks, marking a step toward the realization of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). However, they still struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Zihao Tang , Zheqi Lv , Shengyu Zhang , Fei Wu , Kun Kuang