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This work studies the design of neural networks that can process the weights or gradients of other neural networks, which we refer to as neural functional networks (NFNs). Despite a wide range of potential applications, including learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Allan Zhou , Kaien Yang , Kaylee Burns , Adriano Cardace , Yiding Jiang , Samuel Sokota , J. Zico Kolter , Chelsea Finn

Simulating strongly correlated fermionic systems remains a fundamental challenge in quantum physics, largely due to the sign problem in quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods. We present a neural network-based variational Monte Carlo (NN-VMC)…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 William Freitas , B. Abreu , S. A. Vitiello

We propose a theoretical understanding of neural networks in terms of Wilsonian effective field theory. The correspondence relies on the fact that many asymptotic neural networks are drawn from Gaussian processes, the analog of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 James Halverson , Anindita Maiti , Keegan Stoner

Recent developments in applications of artificial neural networks with over $n=10^{14}$ parameters make it extremely important to study the large $n$ behaviour of such networks. Most works studying wide neural networks have focused on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Luís Carvalho , João Lopes Costa , José Mourão , Gonçalo Oliveira

Recently, quantum neural networks or quantum-classical neural networks (qcNN) have been actively studied, as a possible alternative to the conventional classical neural network (cNN), but their practical and theoretically-guaranteed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Kouhei Nakaji , Hiroyuki Tezuka , Naoki Yamamoto

It has been proposed that random wide neural networks near Gaussian process are quantum field theories around Gaussian fixed points. In this paper, we provide a novel map with which a wide class of quantum mechanical systems can be cast…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-19 Koji Hashimoto , Yuji Hirono , Jun Maeda , Jojiro Totsuka-Yoshinaka

Gaussian Process is a non-parametric prior which can be understood as a distribution on the function space intuitively. It is known that by introducing appropriate prior to the weights of the neural networks, Gaussian Process can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-08 Erdong Guo , David Draper

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) can be represented as graphs whose links and vertices iteratively process data and solve tasks sub-optimally. Complex Network Theory (CNT), merging statistical physics with graph theory, provides a method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Emanuele La Malfa , Gabriele La Malfa , Giuseppe Nicosia , Vito Latora

We characterize the geometry and topology of the set of all weight vectors for which a linear neural network computes the same linear transformation $W$. This set of weight vectors is called the fiber of $W$ (under the matrix multiplication…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Jonathan Richard Shewchuk , Sagnik Bhattacharya

We consider fully connected and feedforward deep neural networks with dependent and possibly heavy-tailed weights, as introduced in [26], to address limitations of the standard Gaussian prior. It has been proved in [26] that, as the number…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Nicola Apollonio , Giovanni Franzina , Giovanni Luca Torrisi

Quantization of weights of deep neural networks (DNN) has proven to be an effective solution for the purpose of implementing DNNs on edge devices such as mobiles, ASICs and FPGAs, because they have no sufficient resources to support…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Tianyu Zhang , Lei Zhu , Qian Zhao , Kilho Shin

Although tensor networks are powerful tools for simulating low-dimensional quantum physics, tensor network algorithms are very computationally costly in higher spatial dimensions. We introduce quantum gauge networks: a different kind of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Kevin Slagle

We study the eigenvalue distributions of the Conjugate Kernel and Neural Tangent Kernel associated to multi-layer feedforward neural networks. In an asymptotic regime where network width is increasing linearly in sample size, under random…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-13 Zhou Fan , Zhichao Wang

This work analyzes Graph Neural Networks, a generalization of Fully-Connected Deep Neural Nets on Graph structured data, when their width, that is the number of nodes in each fullyconnected layer is increasing to infinity. Infinite Width…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yunus Cobanoglu

Nonlinear $\sigma$ models (NLSM) with topological terms, i.e., Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) terms, or topological NLSM, are potent descriptions of many critical points and phases beyond the Landau paradigm. These critical systems include the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-09-20 Zhengzhi Wu , Linhao Li

We illustrate an approach that can be exploited for constructing neural networks which a priori obey physical laws. We start with a simple single-layer neural network (NN) but refrain from choosing the activation functions yet. Under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-27 Sascha Ranftl

In this paper, we investigate a two-layer fully connected neural network of the form $f(X)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{d_1}}\boldsymbol{a}^\top \sigma\left(WX\right)$, where $X\in\mathbb{R}^{d_0\times n}$ is a deterministic data matrix,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-17 Zhichao Wang , Yizhe Zhu

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum computing has shown great potential for building neural network models. These neural networks can have different levels of quantum-classical hybridization depending on the complexity of the problem. Previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-08 Shikha Bangar , Leanto Sunny , Kubra Yeter-Aydeniz , George Siopsis

We establish central and non-central limit theorems for sequences of functionals of the Gaussian output of an infinitely-wide random neural network on the d-dimensional sphere . We show that the asymptotic behaviour of these functionals as…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-24 Simmaco Di Lillo , Leonardo Maini , Domenico Marinucci

Numerically simulating spinful, fermionic systems is of great interest from the perspective of condensed matter physics. However, the exponential growth of the Hilbert space dimension with system size renders an exact parameterization of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-10 Hannah Lange , Fabian Döschl , Juan Carrasquilla , Annabelle Bohrdt