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We introduce Gradual Abstract Argumentation for Case-Based Reasoning (Gradual AA-CBR), a data-driven, neurosymbolic classification model in which the outcome is determined by an argumentation debate structure that is learned simultaneously…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Adam Gould , Francesca Toni

In the pursuit of enhancing the efficacy and flexibility of interpretable, data-driven classification models, this work introduces a novel incorporation of user-defined preferences with Abstract Argumentation and Case-Based Reasoning (CBR).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Adam Gould , Guilherme Paulino-Passos , Seema Dadhania , Matthew Williams , Francesca Toni

We introduce Slot Attention Argumentation for Case-Based Reasoning (SAA-CBR), a novel neuro-symbolic pipeline for image classification that integrates object-centric learning via a neural Slot Attention (SA) component with symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Gabriel de Olim Gaul , Adam Gould , Avinash Kori , Francesca Toni

Recently, abstract argumentation-based models of case-based reasoning ($AA{\text -}CBR$ in short) have been proposed, originally inspired by the legal domain, but also applicable as classifiers in different scenarios, including image…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Guilherme Paulino-Passos , Francesca Toni

In this paper, we investigate how language models can perform case-based reasoning (CBR) on non-factorized case bases. We introduce a novel framework, argumentative agentic models for case-based reasoning (AAM-CBR), which extends abstract…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Wachara Fungwacharakorn , May Myo Zin , Ha-Thanh Nguyen , Yuntao Kong , Ken Satoh

Assumption-based Argumentation (ABA) is a well-established form of structured argumentation. ABA frameworks with an underlying atomic language are widely studied, but their applicability is limited by a representational restriction to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Emanuele De Angelis , Fabio Fioravanti , Maria Chiara Meo , Alberto Pettorossi , Maurizio Proietti , Francesca Toni

Recently, abstract argumentation-based models of case-based reasoning ($AA{\text -} CBR$ in short) have been proposed, originally inspired by the legal domain, but also applicable as classifiers in different scenarios. However, the formal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Guilherme Paulino-Passos , Francesca Toni

Case-based reasoning is known to play an important role in several legal settings. In this paper we focus on a recent approach to case-based reasoning, supported by an instantiation of abstract argumentation whereby arguments represent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Guilherme Paulino-Passos , Francesca Toni

This paper surveys an approach to the XAI problem, using post-hoc explanation by example, that hinges on twinning Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) with Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) systems, so-called ANN-CBR twins. A systematic survey of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Mark T Keane , Eoin M Kenny

This paper develops a new approach to computational argumentation that is informed by philosophical and linguistic views. Namely, it takes into account two ideas that have received little attention in the literature on computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Michael A. Müller , Srdjan Vesic , Bruno Yun

Assumption-based Argumentation (ABA) is a well-known structured argumentation formalism, whereby arguments and attacks between them are drawn from rules, defeasible assumptions and their contraries. A common restriction imposed on ABA…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Markus Ulbricht , Nico Potyka , Anna Rapberger , Francesca Toni

We expect an increase in the frequency and severity of cyber-attacks that comes along with the need for efficient security countermeasures. The process of attributing a cyber-attack helps to construct efficient and targeted mitigating and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Erisa Karafili , Linna Wang , Emil C. Lupu

Assumption-based Argumentation (ABA) is advocated as a unifying formalism for various forms of non-monotonic reasoning, including logic programming. It allows capturing defeasible knowledge, subject to argumentative debate. While, in much…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Emanuele De Angelis , Maurizio Proietti , Francesca Toni

It is often challenging to solve a complex problem from scratch, but much easier if we can access other similar problems with their solutions -- a paradigm known as case-based reasoning (CBR). We propose a neuro-symbolic CBR approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Rajarshi Das , Manzil Zaheer , Dung Thai , Ameya Godbole , Ethan Perez , Jay-Yoon Lee , Lizhen Tan , Lazaros Polymenakos , Andrew McCallum

We contemplate a higher-level bipolar abstract argumentation for non-elementary arguments such as: X argues against Ys sincerity with the fact that Y has presented his argument to draw a conclusion C, by omitting other facts which would not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Ryuta Arisaka , Stefano Bistarelli , Francesco Santini

Assumption-Based Argumentation (ABA) is a well-established formalism for modelling and reasoning over debates, with a wide range of applications. However, the high computational complexity of core reasoning tasks in ABA poses a significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Giovanni Buraglio , Wolfgang Dvorak , Stefan Woltran

Assumption-based argumentation (ABA) is a central structured argumentation formalism. As shown recently, answer set programming (ASP) enables efficiently solving NP-hard reasoning tasks of ABA in practice, in particular in the commonly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Tuomo Lehtonen , Johannes P. Wallner , Matti Järvisalo

Dealing with context dependent knowledge has led to different formalizations of the notion of context. Among them is the Contextualized Knowledge Repository (CKR) framework, which is rooted in description logics but links on the reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Loris Bozzato , Thomas Eiter , Rafael Kiesel

In the field of explainable AI, a vibrant effort is dedicated to the design of self-explainable models, as a more principled alternative to post-hoc methods that attempt to explain the decisions after a model opaquely makes them. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Romain Xu-Darme , Aymeric Varasse , Alban Grastien , Julien Girard , Zakaria Chihani

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been used in various areas to support system optimization and find solutions where the complexity makes it challenging to use algorithmic and heuristics. Case-based Reasoning (CBR) is an AI technique…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Eliseu M. Oliveira , Rafael F. Reale , Joberto S. B. Martins
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