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Vehicle crashes involve complex interactions between road users, split-second decisions, and challenging environmental conditions. Among these, two-vehicle crashes are the most prevalent, accounting for approximately 70% of roadway crashes…

Large Language Models (LLMs) falter in multi-step interactions -- often hallucinating, repeating actions, or misinterpreting user corrections -- due to reliance on linear, unstructured context. This fragility stems from the lack of…

Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) has revolutionized the development of data-driven solutions; however, traditional frameworks often function as "black boxes", lacking the flexibility and transparency required for complex, real-world…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to acquire reasoning capabilities through shared inference patterns in pre-training data, which are further elicited via Chain-of-Thought (CoT) practices. However, whether fundamental reasoning…

Large language models (LLMs) as autonomous agents offer a novel avenue for tackling real-world challenges through a knowledge-driven manner. These LLM-enhanced methodologies excel in generalization and interpretability. However, the…

We introduce RedDebate, a novel multi-agent debate framework that provides the foundation for Large Language Models (LLMs) to identify and mitigate their unsafe behaviours. Existing AI safety approaches often rely on costly human evaluation…

This work discusses how to build more rational language and multimodal agents and what criteria define rationality in intelligent systems. Rationality is the quality of being guided by reason, characterized by decision-making that aligns…

Advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) enable sequential decision making for a range of exciting multi-agent applications such as cooperative AI and autonomous driving. Explaining agent decisions is crucial for improving…

The widespread adoption of open-source software (OSS) necessitates the mitigation of vulnerability risks. Most vulnerability detection (VD) methods are limited by inadequate contextual understanding, restrictive single-round interactions,…

Hardware security verification is a challenging and time-consuming task. Design engineers may use formal verification, linting, and functional simulation tests, coupled with analysis and a deep understanding of the hardware design being…

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and large language models (LLMs) have greatly enhanced visual reasoning, a key capability for embodied AI agents like robots. However, existing visual reasoning benchmarks often suffer from…

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning and verifiable rewards have achieved strong results on complex reasoning tasks. Recent work extends this paradigm to a multi-agent setting, where a meta-thinking agent…

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) face two fundamental limitations: excessive token consumption when overanalyzing simple information processing tasks, and inability to access up-to-date knowledge beyond their training data. We introduce MARS…

Multi-human multi-robot teams are increasingly recognized for their efficiency in executing large-scale, complex tasks by integrating heterogeneous yet potentially synergistic humans and robots. However, this inherent heterogeneity presents…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve high performance on standard mathematical benchmarks, their problem-solving abilities depend on the context and textual formatting. We introduce the Robust Reasoning Benchmark (RRB), a pipeline of…

Estimating treatment effects (TE) from observational data is a critical yet complex task in many fields, from healthcare and economics to public policy. While recent advances in machine learning and causal inference have produced powerful…

With the rapid evolution of Android applications, traditional machine learning-based detection models suffer from concept drift. Additionally, they are constrained by shallow features, lacking deep semantic understanding and…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are rapidly becoming the intelligence brain of end-to-end autonomous driving systems. A key challenge is to assess whether MLLMs can truly understand and follow complex real-world traffic rules.…

Large Language Models have evolved from single-round generators into long-horizon agents, capable of complex text synthesis scenarios. However, current evaluation frameworks lack the ability to assess the actual synthesis operations, such…

Causal reasoning is increasingly used in Reinforcement Learning (RL) to improve the learning process in several dimensions: efficacy of learned policies, efficiency of convergence, generalisation capabilities, safety and interpretability of…