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Despite the impressive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), existing Conversational Health Agents (CHAs) remain static and brittle, incapable of adaptive multi-turn reasoning, symptom clarification, or transparent decision-making.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Xinyi Liu , Dachun Sun , Yi R. Fung , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Tarek Abdelzaher

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated extraordinary comprehension capabilities with remarkable breakthroughs on various vision-language tasks. However, the application of LLMs in generating reliable medical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xueshen Li , Xinlong Hou , Ziyi Huang , Yu Gan

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in clinical diagnosis. However, current models struggle to emulate the iterative, diagnostic hypothesis-driven reasoning of real clinical scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Qipeng Wang , Rui Sheng , Yafei Li , Huamin Qu , Yushi Sun , Min Zhu

Natural medicines, particularly Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), are gaining global recognition for their therapeutic potential in addressing human symptoms and diseases. TCM, with its systematic theories and extensive practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhi Liu , Tao Yang , Jing Wang , Yexin Chen , Zhan Gao , Jiaxi Yang , Kui Chen , Bingji Lu , Xiaochen Li , Changyong Luo , Yan Li , Xiaohong Gu , Peng Cao

Generative large language models (LLMs) have shown great success in various applications, including question-answering (QA) and dialogue systems. However, in specialized domains like traditional Chinese medical QA, these models may perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yang Tan , Mingchen Li , Zijie Huang , Huiqun Yu , Guisheng Fan

This paper explores the application of prompt engineering to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) in the domain of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). We propose TCM-Prompt, a framework that integrates various pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yirui Chen , Qinyu Xiao , Jia Yi , Jing Chen , Mengyang Wang

At the heart of medicine lies the physician-patient dialogue, where skillful history-taking paves the way for accurate diagnosis, effective management, and enduring trust. Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems capable of diagnostic dialogue…

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with a history spanning over two millennia, plays a role in global healthcare. However, applying large language models (LLMs) to TCM remains challenging due to its reliance on holistic reasoning, implicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jiacheng Xie , Yang Yu , Yibo Chen , Hanyao Zhang , Lening Zhao , Jiaxuan He , Lei Jiang , Xiaoting Tang , Guanghui An , Dong Xu

The recently unprecedented advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have propelled the medical community by establishing advanced medical-domain models. However, due to the limited collection of medical datasets, there are only a few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Ping Yu , Kaitao Song , Fengchen He , Ming Chen , Jianfeng Lu

Healthcare systems around the world are grappling with issues like inefficient diagnostics, rising costs, and limited access to specialists. These problems often lead to delays in treatment and poor health outcomes. Most current AI and deep…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Maliha Tabassum , M Shamim Kaiser

The surge of large language models (LLMs) has driven significant progress in medical applications, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, current medical LLMs struggle with TCM diagnosis and syndrome differentiation due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Sibo Wei , Xueping Peng , Yi-Fei Wang , Tao Shen , Jiasheng Si , Weiyu Zhang , Fa Zhu , Athanasios V. Vasilakos , Wenpeng Lu , Xiaoming Wu , Yinglong Wang

The recent progress of large language models (LLMs), including ChatGPT and GPT-4, in comprehending and responding to human instructions has been remarkable. Nevertheless, these models typically perform better in English and have not been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Honglin Xiong , Sheng Wang , Yitao Zhu , Zihao Zhao , Yuxiao Liu , Linlin Huang , Qian Wang , Dinggang Shen

Large language models (LLMs) struggle in real-world clinical consultations. Single-turn consultation systems require patients to describe all symptoms at once, which often leads to unclear complaints and vague diagnoses. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yichun Feng , Jiawei Wang , Lu Zhou , Yikai Zheng , Zhen Lei , Yixue Li

The development of large language models (LLMs) has brought unprecedented possibilities for artificial intelligence (AI) based medical diagnosis. However, the application perspective of LLMs in real diagnostic scenarios is still unclear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zhoujian Sun , Cheng Luo , Ziyi Liu , Zhengxing Huang

A significant application of Large Language Models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, is their deployment as chat agents, which respond to human inquiries across a variety of domains. While current LLMs proficiently answer general questions, they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Lang Cao

The global COVID-19 pandemic underscored major deficiencies in traditional healthcare systems, hastening the advancement of online medical services, especially in medical triage and consultation. However, existing studies face two main…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Xinyuan Wang , Haozhou Li , Dingfang Zheng , Qinke Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in modern medicine, yet their application in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remains severely limited by the absence of standardized benchmarks and the scarcity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Zihao Cheng , Yuheng Lu , Huaiqian Ye , Zeming Liu , Minqi Wang , Jingjing Liu , Zihan Li , Wei Fan , Yuanfang Guo , Ruiji Fu , Shifeng She , Gang Wang , Yunhong Wang

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a holistic medical system with millennia of accumulated clinical experience, playing a vital role in global healthcare-particularly across East Asia. However, the implicit reasoning, diverse textual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shufeng Kong , Xingru Yang , Yuanyuan Wei , Zijie Wang , Hao Tang , Jiuqi Qin , Shuting Lan , Yingheng Wang , Junwen Bai , Zhuangbin Chen , Zibin Zheng , Caihua Liu , Hao Liang

The primary aim of this research was to address the limitations observed in the medical knowledge of prevalent large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, by creating a specialized language model with enhanced accuracy in medical advice.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Yunxiang Li , Zihan Li , Kai Zhang , Ruilong Dan , Steve Jiang , You Zhang

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable breakthroughs in understanding and responding to user intents. However, their performance lag behind general use cases in some expertise domains, such as Chinese…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Songhua Yang , Hanjie Zhao , Senbin Zhu , Guangyu Zhou , Hongfei Xu , Yuxiang Jia , Hongying Zan
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