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This paper explores the development of a multimodal sentiment analysis model that integrates text, audio, and visual data to enhance sentiment classification. The goal is to improve emotion detection by capturing the complex interactions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Hui Lee , Singh Suniljit , Yong Siang Ong

While the Self-Attention mechanism in the Transformer model has proven to be effective in many domains, we observe that it is less effective in more diverse settings (e.g. multimodality) due to the varying granularity of each token and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Wayner Barrios , SouYoung Jin

Continual learning is essential for adapting models to new tasks while retaining previously acquired knowledge. While existing approaches predominantly focus on uni-modal data, multi-modal learning offers substantial benefits by utilizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Evelyn Chee , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee

Humans perceive the world by concurrently processing and fusing high-dimensional inputs from multiple modalities such as vision and audio. Machine perception models, in stark contrast, are typically modality-specific and optimised for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Arsha Nagrani , Shan Yang , Anurag Arnab , Aren Jansen , Cordelia Schmid , Chen Sun

Achieving deep alignment between vision and language remains a central challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). These models often fail to fully leverage visual input, defaulting to strong language priors. Our approach first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Aarti Ghatkesar , Ganesh Venkatesh

Advances in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have inspired time series understanding and reasoning tasks, that enable natural language querying over time series, producing textual analyses of complex temporal dynamics. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Hang Ni , Weijia Zhang , Fei Wang , Zezhi Shao , Hao Liu

In this report, we introduce MammothModa, yet another multi-modal large language model (MLLM) designed to achieve state-of-the-art performance starting from an elementary baseline. We focus on three key design insights: (i) Integrating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Qi She , Junwen Pan , Xin Wan , Rui Zhang , Dawei Lu , Kai Huang

Incomplete multi-modal emotion recognition (IMER) aims at understanding human intentions and sentiments by comprehensively exploring the partially observed multi-source data. Although the multi-modal data is expected to provide more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Wen-Jue He , Xiaofeng Zhu , Zheng Zhang

Recently, emotion recognition based on physiological signals has emerged as a field with intensive research. The utilization of multi-modal, multi-channel physiological signals has significantly improved the performance of emotion…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Xinda Li

Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) focuses on identifying and interpreting emotions from modality-compound inputs. Closely mirroring human cognitive processes in real-world environments, MER has drawn substantial attention from both…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Hongrui Zhang , Daiqing Wu , Yangyang Li , Kuien Liu , Yuhui Wang , Yu Zhou , Sicheng Zhao

Emotion recognition based on Electroencephalography (EEG) has gained significant attention and diversified development in fields such as neural signal processing and affective computing. However, the unique brain anatomy of individuals…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-31 Yihang Dong , Xuhang Chen , Yanyan Shen , Michael Kwok-Po Ng , Tao Qian , Shuqiang Wang

Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) often encounters incomplete multimodality in practical applications due to sensor failures or privacy protection requirements. While existing methods attempt to address various incomplete multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xinkui Zhao , Jinsong Shu , Yangyang Wu , Guanjie Cheng , Zihe Liu , Naibo Wang , Shuiguang Deng , Zhongle Xie , Jianwei Yin

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in multimodal understanding, yet their positional encoding mechanisms remain suboptimal. Existing approaches uniformly assign positional indices to all tokens, overlooking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Ruoxiang Huang , Zhen Yuan

Multimodal affective computing, learning to recognize and interpret human affects and subjective information from multiple data sources, is still challenging because: (i) it is hard to extract informative features to represent human affects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Yue Gu , Kangning Yang , Shiyu Fu , Shuhong Chen , Xinyu Li , Ivan Marsic

Large Language Models (LLMs) have strong instruction-following capability to interpret and execute tasks as directed by human commands. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have inferior instruction-following ability compared to LLMs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Te Yang , Jian Jia , Xiangyu Zhu , Weisong Zhao , Bo Wang , Yanhua Cheng , Yan Li , Shengyuan Liu , Quan Chen , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai , Zhen Lei

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across a variety of vision-language tasks. However, their internal reasoning often exhibits a critical inconsistency: although deeper layers may attend to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Shezheng Song , Shasha Li , Jie Yu

Transformers have advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP) on a variety of important tasks. At the cornerstone of the Transformer architecture is the multi-head attention (MHA) mechanism which models pairwise interactions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Lin Zheng , Zhiyong Wu , Lingpeng Kong

Understanding brain disorders is crucial for accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment. Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) offer a promising approach to interpreting medical images with the support of text…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Jing Zhang , Xiaowei Yu , Yanjun Lyu , Lu Zhang , Tong Chen , Chao Cao , Yan Zhuang , Minheng Chen , Tianming Liu , Dajiang Zhu

Foundation models (FMs) deployed in real-world tasks such as computer-use agents must integrate diverse modalities. How good are FMs at performing joint reasoning, simultaneously reasoning over multiple modalities, especially when the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chen Henry Wu , Neil Kale , Aditi Raghunathan

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made remarkable strides, largely driven by their ability to process increasingly long and complex contexts, such as high-resolution images, extended video sequences, and lengthy audio input.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kele Shao , Keda Tao , Kejia Zhang , Sicheng Feng , Mu Cai , Yuzhang Shang , Haoxuan You , Can Qin , Yang Sui , Huan Wang