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Quantum vortices, the quantized version of classical vortices, play a prominent role in superfluid and superconductor phase transitions. However, their exploration at a particle level in open quantum systems has gained considerable…
Explosive events from magnetars are likely due to the catastrophic release of stress in their crusts, but the behavior of crustal matter beyond linear elasticity is poorly understood. We argue here that seminal results from molecular…
The relativistic dynamic equations are derived for a superfluid-superconducting mixture coupled to the electromagnetic field. For definiteness, and bearing in mind possible applications of our results to neutron stars, it is assumed that…
This fluid dynamics video shows "knotted" vortices in real fluids.
We probe the superfluid-superconductor dynamics of the rotating outer core of neutron stars through half-vortex states. By means of a generalized hydrodynamic model, where proton and neutron fluids are coupled by both dynamic entrainment…
Many pulsars exhibit a peculiar behaviour in their pulse profile of a sudden increase in their rotational period, which is popularly known as a pulsar glitch. Some of them show giant glitches with relative amplitude $\Delta\Omega/\Omega…
The crust of a neutron star is known to melt at a temperature that increases with increasing matter density, up to about $10^{10}$ K. At such high temperatures and beyond, the crustal ions are put into collective motion and the associated…
The microscopic structure of an isolated vortex line in superfluid neutron star matter is studied by solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. Our calculation, which is the starting point for a microscopic calculation of pinning forces in…
Superfluid properties of the inner crust matter of neutron stars, formed by nuclear clusters immersed in a dilute neutron gas, are analysed in a self- consistent HFB approach. The calculations are performed with two pairing forces, fixed so…
The interaction between nuclei in the inner crust of neutron stars consists of two contributions, the so-called "direct" interaction and an "induced" one due to density changes in the neutron fluid. For large nuclear separations $r$ the…
The rod phase as it is expected in the bottom layers of neutron-star crusts is analyzed within the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov framework. In order to well describe the interplay between band structure and superfluidity, periodicity of the…
Pulsar glitches are believed to originate from the dynamics of quantized vortices in the neutron superfluid interior. The outer core of a neutron star hosts a $^3\text{P}_2$ spin-triplet superfluid, whose half-integer quantum vortices…
We derive the transport relaxation times for quasiparticle-vortex scattering processes via nuclear force, relevant for the damping of differential rotation of superfluids in the quantum liquid core of a neutron star. The proton scattering…
A mixture of superconducting and superfluid nuclear liquids of protons coupled to the ultrarelativistic electron gas, and neutrons is considered. In the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) approximation, the energy-momentum (stress) tensor is…
We formulate a low energy effective theory describing phases of matter that are both solid and superfluid. These systems simultaneously break translational symmetry and the phase symmetry associated with particle number. The symmetries…
In cores of supernovae and crusts of neutron stars, nuclei can adopt interesting shapes, such as rods or slabs, etc., which are referred to as nuclear "pasta." In recent years, we have studied the pasta phases focusing on their dynamical…
In the most extended layer of the inner crust of neutron stars, nuclear matter is believed to form a crystal of clusters immersed in a superfluid neutron gas. Here we analyze this phase of matter within fully self-consistent…
I show that the usual model of the rotational response of a neutron star, which predicts rotation-induced neutronic vortices and no rotation-induced protonic vortices, does not hold (i) beyond a certain threshold of entrainment interaction…
Neutron stars exhibit magnetic fields and densities far beyond those achievable in terrestrial laboratories, offering a natural probe of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions. Using observationally anchored mass-radius…
We study numerically the formation of a vortex lattice inside a rotating bucket containing superfluid helium, paying attention to an important feature which is practically unavoidable in all experiments: the microscopic roughness of the…