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Simple assumptions represent a decisive reason to prefer one theory to another in everyday scientific praxis. But this praxis has little philosophical justification, since there exist many notions of simplicity, and those that can be…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-02-27 Luigi Scorzato

Timothy Williamson has recently argued that the applicability of classical mathematics in the natural and social sciences raises a problem for the endorsement, in non-mathematical domains, of a wide range of non-classical logics. We first…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-01-25 Sebastian Horvat , Iulian D. Toader

Baroque questions of set-theoretic foundations are widely assumed to be irrelevant to physics. In this article, I demonstrate that this assumption is incorrect. I show that the fundamental physical question of whether a theory is…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Justin Clarke-Doane

We show that the modern quantum mechanics, and particularly the theory of decoherence, allows for formulating a sort of a physical metatheory of consciousness. Particularly, the analysis of the necessary conditions for the occurrence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Miroljub Dugic , Dejan Rakovic , Milan M. Cirkovic

Causality never gained the status of a "law" or "principle" in physics. Some recent literature even popularized the false idea that causality is a notion that should be banned from theory. Such misconception relies on an alleged…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-19 Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano

The paper defends the thesis that analysis of truth problem in the context of interpretations of quantum logic allows to reveal the prospect of elicitation of specifics of the relations between quantum mechanics and quantum logic in a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-07-11 Sergey Kulikov

Contextuality is a feature of quantum correlations. It is crucial from a foundational perspective as a nonclassical phenomenon, and from an applied perspective as a resource for quantum advantage. It is commonly defined in terms of hidden…

Unlike classical information, quantum knowledge is restricted to the outcome of measurements of maximal observables corresponding to single contexts.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-19 Karl Svozil

I offer an analysis of the Principle of Sufficient Reason and its relevancy for the scientific endeavour. I submit that the world is not, and cannot be, rational - only some brained beings are. The Principle of Sufficient Reason is not a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-10-16 Gustavo E. Romero

We present several philosophical ideas emerging from the studies of complex systems. We make a brief introduction to the basic concepts of complex systems, for then defining "abstraction levels". These are useful for representing…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlos Gershenson

In this thesis we explore the questions of what should be considered a "classical" theory, and which aspects of quantum theory cannot be captured by any theory that respects our intuition of classicality. This exploration is divided in two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-01 Mateus Araújo

The intensity of debate between the realists and antirealists shows no sign of abating. Here a new hypothesis is proposed to resolve the issue. The requirement of consistency and continuity are built-in in the methodology of this…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Afsar Abbas

Some thoughts are presented on the inter-relation between beauty and truth in science in general and theoretical physics in particular. Some conjectural procedures that can be used to create new ideas, concepts and results are illustrated…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Constantino Tsallis

Contextuality is one way of capturing the non-classicality of quantum theory. The contextual nature of a theory is often witnessed via the violation of non-contextuality inequalities---certain linear inequalities involving probabilities of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-08 Kishor Bharti , Atul Singh Arora , Leong Chuan Kwek , Jérémie Roland

The choice of priors may become an insoluble problem if priors and Bayes' rule are not seen and accepted in the framework of subjectivism. Therefore, the meaning and the role of subjectivity in science is considered and defended from the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 G. D'Agostini

Core quantum postulates including the superposition principle and the unitarity of evolutions are natural and strikingly simple. I show that -- when supplemented with a limited version of predictability (captured in the textbook accounts by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Wojciech Hubert Zurek

This article reviews and develops an epistemological tradition in the philosophy of science, known as convergentism, which holds that inference methods should be assessed based on their ability to converge to the truth across a range of…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-07-01 Hanti Lin

One of the most important problems in Physics is how to reconcile Quantum Mechanics with General Relativity. Some authors have suggested that this may be realized at the expense of having to drop the quantum formalism in favor of a more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-17 Miguel Navascues , Harald Wunderlich

We show that the modern quantum mechanics, and particularly the theory of decoherence, allows formulating a sort of a physical metatheory of consciousness. Particularly, the analysis of the necessary conditions for the occurrence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-21 Miroljub Dugic , Milan M. Cirkovic , Dejan Rakovic

Quantum theory has been proved as an outstanding mystery in modern science. The predictions of science have turned out to be probabilistic. The principle of determinism has failed. For systems like weather, earthquakes, rolling dices etc...…

Popular Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bhag C. Chauhan