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Federated learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative model training without direct data sharing. Model-heterogeneous FL (MHFL) extends this paradigm by allowing clients to train personalized models with heterogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ziqiao Weng , Weidong Cai , Bo Zhou

Federated Learning (FL) offers a decentralized approach to model training, where data remains local and only model parameters are shared between the clients and the central server. Traditional methods, such as Federated Averaging (FedAvg),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Jiahao Lai , Jiaqi Li , Jian Xu , Yanru Wu , Boshi Tang , Siqi Chen , Yongfeng Huang , Wenbo Ding , Yang Li

Mobile devices, including smartphones and laptops, generate decentralized and heterogeneous data, presenting significant challenges for traditional centralized machine learning models due to substantial communication costs and privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Mayank Kumar Kundalwal , Anurag Saraswat , Ishan Mishra , Deepak Mishra

Personalized federated learning has gained significant attention as a promising approach to address the challenge of data heterogeneity. In this paper, we address a relatively unexplored problem in federated learning. When a federated model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Tiandi Ye , Cen Chen , Yinggui Wang , Xiang Li , Ming Gao

As a privacy-preserving collaborative machine learning paradigm, federated learning (FL) has attracted significant interest from academia and the industry alike. To allow each data owner (a.k.a., FL clients) to train a heterogeneous and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Liping Yi , Han Yu , Gang Wang , Xiaoguang Liu

Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) aims to train customized models for clients with highly heterogeneous data distributions while preserving data privacy. Existing approaches often rely on heuristics like clustering or model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ping Guo , Tiantian Zhang , Xi Lin , Xiang Li , Zhi-Ri Tang , Qingfu Zhang

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed training paradigm that enables collaborative learning across clients without sharing local data, thereby preserving privacy. However, the increasing scale and complexity of modern deep models often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Honggu Kang , Seohyeon Cha , Joonhyuk Kang

In heterogeneous scenarios where the data distribution amongst the Federated Learning (FL) participants is Non-Independent and Identically distributed (Non-IID), FL suffers from the well known problem of data heterogeneity. This leads the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Fatima Abacha , Sin G. Teo , Lucas C. Cordeiro , Mustafa A. Mustafa

In recent years, personalized federated learning (pFL) has attracted increasing attention for its potential in dealing with statistical heterogeneity among clients. However, the state-of-the-art pFL methods rely on model parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Jie Zhang , Song Guo , Xiaosong Ma , Haozhao Wang , Wencao Xu , Feijie Wu

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to heterogeneously distributed data, since a common global model in FL may not adapt to the heterogeneous data distribution of each user. To counter this issue, personalized FL (PFL) was proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Tiansheng Huang , Shiwei Liu , Li Shen , Fengxiang He , Weiwei Lin , Dacheng Tao

Federated Learning (FL) is a decentralized learning method used to train machine learning algorithms. In FL, a global model iteratively collects the parameters of local models without accessing their local data. However, a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Mingjie Wang , Jianxiong Guo , Weijia Jia

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning technique designed to preserve data privacy and security, and it has gained significant importance due to its broad range of applications. This paper addresses the problem of optimal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-16 Tony Cai , Abhinav Chakraborty , Lasse Vuursteen

Federated Learning (FL) aggregates locally trained models from individual clients to construct a global model. While FL enables learning a model with data privacy, it often suffers from significant performance degradation when clients have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Gihun Lee , Minchan Jeong , Sangmook Kim , Jaehoon Oh , Se-Young Yun

Bayesian personalized federated learning (BPFL) addresses challenges in existing personalized FL (PFL). BPFL aims to quantify the uncertainty and heterogeneity within and across clients towards uncertainty representations by addressing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Hui Chen , Hengyu Liu , Longbing Cao , Tiancheng Zhang

Federated learning (FL) collaboratively models user data in a decentralized way. However, in the real world, non-identical and independent data distributions (non-IID) among clients hinder the performance of FL due to three issues, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Xinting Liao , Weiming Liu , Chaochao Chen , Pengyang Zhou , Huabin Zhu , Yanchao Tan , Jun Wang , Yue Qi

As AI becomes more personal, e.g., Agentic AI, there is an increasing need for personalizing models for various use cases. Personalized federated learning (PFL) enables each client to collaboratively leverage other clients' knowledge for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Minhyuk Seo , Taeheon Kim , Hankook Lee , Jonghyun Choi , Tinne Tuytelaars

Data heterogeneity is one of the major challenges in federated learning (FL), which results in substantial client variance and slow convergence. In this study, we propose a novel solution: decomposing a convolutional filter in FL into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Wei Chen , Qiang Qiu

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm that avoids data sharing among training nodes so as to protect data privacy. Under coordination of the FL server, each client conducts model training using its own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Binbin Guo , Yuan Mei , Danyang Xiao , Weigang Wu , Ye Yin , Hongli Chang

Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) aims to learn personalized models for each client based on the knowledge across all clients in a privacy-preserving manner. Existing PFL methods generally assume that the underlying global data across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Yang Lu , Pinxin Qian , Gang Huang , Hanzi Wang

Existing federated learning methods have effectively dealt with decentralized learning in scenarios involving data privacy and non-IID data. However, in real-world situations, each client dynamically learns new classes, requiring the global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Haiyang Guo , Fei Zhu , Wenzhuo Liu , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu
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