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Ray tracing is a deterministic method that produces propagation paths between a transmitter and a receiver. The simulation accuracy is significantly influenced by the environment details. One way to capture the environment with great…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-22 Niklas Vaara , Pekka Sangi , Miguel Bordallo López , Janne Heikkilä

Radio propagation modeling is essential in telecommunication research, as radio channels result from complex interactions with environmental objects. Recently, Machine Learning has been attracting attention as a potential alternative to…

Differentiable ray tracing has recently challenged the status quo in radio propagation modelling and digital twinning. Promising unprecedented speed and the ability to learn from real-world data, it offers a real alternative to conventional…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Stefanos Bakirtzis , Paul Almasan , José Suárez-Varela , Gabriel O. Ferreira , Michail Kalntis , André Felipe Zanella , Ian Wassell , Andra Lutu

Industrial environments are considered to be severe from the point of view of electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation. When dealing with a wide range of industrial environments and deployment setups, ray-tracing channel emulation can capture…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-05 Gurjot Singh Bhatia , Yoann Corre , M. Di Renzo

Radio applications are increasingly being used in urban environments for cellular radio systems and safety applications that use vehicle-vehicle, and vehicle-to-infrastructure. We present a novel ray tracing-based radio propagation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-16 Ruichen Wang , Dinesh Manocha

Ray tracing (RT) is instrumental in 6G research in order to generate spatially-consistent and environment-specific channel impulse responses (CIRs). While acquiring accurate scene geometries is now relatively straightforward, determining…

We report the development of a new ray-tracing simulation tool having the potential of the full characterization of a radio link through the accurate study of the propagation path of the signal from the transmitting to the receiving…

Computational Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Tannous , J. Nigrin

Ray tracing is widely employed to model the propagation of radio-frequency (RF) signal in complex environment. The modelling performance greatly depends on how accurately the target scene can be depicted, including the scene geometry and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Haifeng Jia , Xinyi Chen , Yichen Wei , Yifei Sun , Yibo Pi

We present an application of automatic differentiation for particle transport through matter using a Geant4-like radiation transport simulation with a full electromagnetic physics model. When differentiating this step-based transport, we…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-11 Jeffrey Krupa , Yiyang Zhao , Mihaly Novak , Max Aehle , Max Sagebaum , Long Chen , Nicolas Gauger , Miaoyuan Liu , Lukas Heinrich , Michael Kagan

Ray tracing algorithms, that can simulate multipath radio propagation in presence of geometric obstacles such as buildings, objects or vehicles, are becoming quite popular, due to the increasing availability of digital environment databases…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-14 Denis Bilibashi , Enrico M. Vitucci , Vittorio Degli-Esposti

Point clouds have been a recent interest for ray tracing-based radio channel characterization, as sensors such as RGB-D cameras and laser scanners can be utilized to generate an accurate virtual copy of a physical environment. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Niklas Vaara , Pekka Sangi , Miguel Bordallo López , Janne Heikkilä

Modeling radio frequency (RF) signal propagation is essential for understanding the environment, as RF signals offer valuable insights beyond the capabilities of RGB cameras, which are limited by the visible-light spectrum, lens coverage,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Kyoungjun Park , Yifan Yang , Changhan Ge , Lili Qiu , Shiqi Jiang

Radio propagation modeling and prediction is fundamental for modern cellular network planning and optimization. Conventional radio propagation models fall into two categories. Empirical models, based on coarse statistics, are simple and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Xin Zhang , Xiujun Shu , Bingwen Zhang , Jie Ren , Lizhou Zhou , Xin Chen

With the rapid increase in mobile subscribers, there is a drive towards achieving higher data rates, prompting the use of higher frequencies in future wireless communication technologies. Wave propagation channel modeling for these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Xueyun Long , Amina Fellan , Mario Pauli , Hans D. Schotten , Thomas Zwick

At millimeter-wave frequencies, diffuse scattering from rough surfaces is an important propagation mechanism. Including this mechanism in radio propagation modeling tools,such as ray-tracing, is a key step towards realizing accurate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-16 Stefanos Bakirtzis , Takahiro Hashimoto , Costas D. Sarris

Radio frequency (RF) propagation modeling poses unique electromagnetic simulation challenges. While recent neural representations have shown success in visible spectrum rendering, the fundamentally different scales and physics of RF signals…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-02 Xingyu Chen , Zihao Feng , Kun Qian , Xinyu Zhang

The radio wave propagation channel is central to the performance of wireless communication systems. In this paper, we introduce a novel machine learning-empowered methodology for wireless channel modeling. The key ingredients include a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-26 Ge Cao , Zhen Peng

Ray tracing is increasingly utilized in wireless system simulations to estimate channel paths. In large-scale simulations with complex environments, ray tracing at high resolution can be computationally demanding. To reduce the computation,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Ruibin Chen , Jayadev Joy , Yaqi Hu , Mingsheng Yin , Marco Mezzavilla , Sundeep Rangan

Modeling radio propagation is essential for wireless network design and performance optimization. Traditional methods rely on physics models of radio propagation, which can be inaccurate or inflexible. In this work, we propose using graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Adrien Bufort , Laurent Lebocq , Stefan Cathabard

Millimeter wave (mmWave) sensing is an emerging technology with applications in 3D object characterization and environment mapping. However, realizing precise 3D reconstruction from sparse mmWave signals remains challenging. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Xingyu Chen , Xinyu Zhang , Qiyue Xia , Xinmin Fang , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu , Zhengxiong Li
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