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While large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks, their massive scale incurs prohibitive computational and memory costs for pre-training from scratch. Recent studies have investigated the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jiaxi Li , Lu Yin , Li Shen , Jinjin Xu , Liwu Xu , Tianjin Huang , Wenwu Wang , Shiwei Liu , Xilu Wang

Sequence model based NLP applications can be large. Yet, many applications that benefit from them run on small devices with very limited compute and storage capabilities, while still having run-time constraints. As a result, there is a need…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Urmish Thakker , Jesse Beu , Dibakar Gope , Ganesh Dasika , Matthew Mattina

The increasing prevalence of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 in various applications has led to a surge in the size of prompts required for optimal performance, leading to challenges in computational efficiency. Prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Shivam Shandilya , Menglin Xia , Supriyo Ghosh , Huiqiang Jiang , Jue Zhang , Qianhui Wu , Victor Rühle

In this paper, we introduce a new post-training compression paradigm for Large Language Models (LLMs) to facilitate their wider adoption. We delve into LLM weight low-rank decomposition, and find that the challenges of this task stem from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zhihang Yuan , Yuzhang Shang , Yue Song , Dawei Yang , Qiang Wu , Yan Yan , Guangyu Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various tasks, but the billion-scale parameters pose deployment challenges. Although existing methods attempt to reduce the scale of LLMs, they require either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xinhao Huang , You-Liang Huang , Zeyi Wen

Image registration is fundamental in medical imaging, enabling precise alignment of anatomical structures for diagnosis, treatment planning, image-guided interventions, and longitudinal monitoring. This work introduces IMPACT (Image Metric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Valentin Boussot , Cédric Hémon , Jean-Claude Nunes , Jason Dowling , Simon Rouzé , Caroline Lafond , Anaïs Barateau , Jean-Louis Dillenseger

Prompt compression condenses contexts while maintaining their informativeness for different usage scenarios. It not only shortens the inference time and reduces computational costs during the usage of large language models, but also lowers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Xiao Pu , Tianxing He , Xiaojun Wan

Overparameterized models have proven to be powerful tools for solving various machine learning tasks. However, overparameterization often leads to a substantial increase in computational and memory costs, which in turn requires extensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Soo Min Kwon , Zekai Zhang , Dogyoon Song , Laura Balzano , Qing Qu

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit excellent performance in various tasks. However, the memory requirements of LLMs present a great challenge when deploying on memory-limited devices, even for quantized LLMs. This paper introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Weilan Wang , Yu Mao , Dongdong Tang , Hongchao Du , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue

Prompt engineering enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks. However, lengthy prompts significantly increase computational complexity and economic costs. To address this issue, we study six prompt compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Zheng Zhang , Jinyi Li , Yihuai Lan , Xiang Wang , Hao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are costly to deploy due to their large memory footprint and high inference cost. Weight-activation quantization can reduce these costs, but low-bit activation quantization remains difficult because activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chayne Thrash , Ali Abbasi , Soheil Kolouri

Despite recent efforts in understanding the compression impact on large language models (LLMs) in terms of their downstream task performance and trustworthiness on relatively simpler uni-modal benchmarks (for example, question answering,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Souvik Kundu , Anahita Bhiwandiwalla , Sungduk Yu , Phillip Howard , Tiep Le , Sharath Nittur Sridhar , David Cobbley , Hao Kang , Vasudev Lal

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional reasoning abilities, enabling strong generalization across diverse tasks such as commonsense reasoning and instruction following. However, as LLMs scale, inference costs become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rhea Sanjay Sukthanker , Benedikt Staffler , Frank Hutter , Aaron Klein

The practical usage of reinforcement learning agents is often bottlenecked by the duration of training time. To accelerate training, practitioners often turn to distributed reinforcement learning architectures to parallelize and accelerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Michael Luo , Jiahao Yao , Richard Liaw , Eric Liang , Ion Stoica

Post-training compression reduces the computational and memory costs of large language models (LLMs), enabling resource-efficient deployment. However, existing compression benchmarks only focus on language modeling (e.g., perplexity) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Peijie Dong , Zhenheng Tang , Xiang Liu , Lujun Li , Xiaowen Chu , Bo Li

Large Language Models' (LLMs) weight matrices can often be expressed in low-rank form with potential to relax memory and compute resource requirements. Unlike prior efforts that focus on developing novel matrix decompositions, in this work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ajay Jaiswal , Yifan Wang , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu , Runjin Chen , Jiawei Zhao , Ananth Grama , Yuandong Tian , Zhangyang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered widespread attention due to their remarkable performance across various tasks. However, to mitigate the issue of hallucinations, LLMs often incorporate retrieval-augmented pipeline to provide them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Haowen Hou , Fei Ma , Binwen Bai , Xinxin Zhu , Fei Yu

Retrieval-augmented generation improves the factual accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external context, but often suffers from irrelevant retrieved content that hinders effectiveness. Context compression addresses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Lvzhou Luo , Yixuan Cao , Ping Luo

Training large language models (LLMs) is often constrained by GPU memory limitations. To alleviate memory pressure, activation recomputation and data compression have been proposed as two major strategies. However, both approaches have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ping Chen , Zhuohong Deng , Ping Li , Shuibing He , Hongzi Zhu , Yi Zheng , Zhefeng Wang , Baoxing Huai , Minyi Guo

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled their successful application to a broad range of tasks. However, in information-intensive tasks, the prompt length can grow fast, leading to increased computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Weronika Łajewska , Momchil Hardalov , Laura Aina , Neha Anna John , Hang Su , Lluís Màrquez