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State-of-the-art models in semantic segmentation primarily operate on single, static images, generating corresponding segmentation masks. This one-shot approach leaves little room for error correction, as the models lack the capability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Foivos I. Diakogiannis , Suzanne Furby , Peter Caccetta , Xiaoliang Wu , Rodrigo Ibata , Ondrej Hlinka , John Taylor

Medical image segmentation has advanced rapidly over the past two decades, largely driven by deep learning, which has enabled accurate and efficient delineation of cells, tissues, organs, and pathologies across diverse imaging modalities.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-29 Guoping Xu , Jayaram K. Udupa , Jax Luo , Songlin Zhao , Yajun Yu , Scott B. Raymond , Hao Peng , Lipeng Ning , Yogesh Rathi , Wei Liu , You Zhang

Recent advances in promptable segmentation, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have enabled flexible, high-quality mask generation across a wide range of visual domains. However, SAM and similar models remain fundamentally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Tyler Ward , Abdullah Imran

This paper aims to build a model that can Segment Anything in 3D medical images, driven by medical terminologies as Text prompts, termed as SAT. Our main contributions are three-fold: (i) We construct the first multimodal knowledge tree on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Ziheng Zhao , Yao Zhang , Chaoyi Wu , Xiaoman Zhang , Xiao Zhou , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

End-to-end medical image segmentation is of great value for computer-aided diagnosis dominated by task-specific models, usually suffering from poor generalization. With recent breakthroughs brought by the segment anything model (SAM) for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Xian Lin , Yangyang Xiang , Li Yu , Zengqiang Yan

Medical image segmentation models built on Segment Anything Model (SAM) achieve strong performance on clean benchmarks, yet their reliability often degrades under realistic image corruptions such as noise, blur, motion artifacts, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jieru Li , Matthew Chen , Micky C. Nnamdi , J. Ben Tamo , Benoit L. Marteau , May D. Wang

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has demonstrated significant potential in medical image segmentation. Yet, its performance is limited when only a small amount of labeled data is available, while there is abundant valuable yet often…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-13 Shuhang Chen , Hangjie Yuan , Pengwei Liu , Hanxue Gu , Tao Feng , Dong Ni

The Segment Anything Model (SAM), a foundational model designed for promptable segmentation tasks, demonstrates exceptional generalization capabilities, making it highly promising for natural scene image segmentation. However, SAM's lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Linghao Zheng , Xinyang Pu , Feng Xu

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation typically requires large amount of labeled data for training, making it less applicable in clinical settings due to high annotation cost. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Yichi Zhang , Bohao Lv , Le Xue , Wenbo Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Yu Fu , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi

The recent Segment Anything Model (SAM) 2 has demonstrated remarkable foundational competence in semantic segmentation, with its memory mechanism and mask decoder further addressing challenges in video tracking and object occlusion, thereby…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Jieming Yu , An Wang , Wenzhen Dong , Mengya Xu , Mobarakol Islam , Jie Wang , Long Bai , Hongliang Ren

Foundation segmentation models such as SAM and SAM-2 perform well on natural images but struggle with brain MRIs where structures like the caudate and thalamus lack sharp boundaries and have low contrast. Rather than fine tune these models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-26 Keith Moore

Segment anything model (SAM) addresses two practical yet challenging segmentation tasks: \textbf{segment anything (SegAny)}, which utilizes a certain point to predict the mask for a single object of interest, and \textbf{segment everything…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Chaoning Zhang , Dongshen Han , Sheng Zheng , Jinwoo Choi , Tae-Ho Kim , Choong Seon Hong

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has demonstrated remarkable capabilities of scaled-up segmentation models, enabling zero-shot generalization across a variety of domains. By leveraging large-scale foundational models as pre-trained models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Weijia Feng , Lingting Zhu , Lequan Yu

Multimodal learning leverages complementary information derived from different modalities, thereby enhancing performance in medical image segmentation. However, prevailing multimodal learning methods heavily rely on extensive well-annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Xiaogen Zhou , Yiyou Sun , Min Deng , Winnie Chiu Wing Chu , Qi Dou

Extracting high-fidelity 2D contours from Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images is critical for calibrating Optical Proximity Correction (OPC) models. While foundation models like Segment Anything 2 (SAM2) are promising, adapting them…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Da Chen , Guangyu Hu , Kaihong Xu , Kaichao Liang , Songjiang Li , Wei Yang , XiangYu Wen , Mingxuan Yuan

Large foundation models, known for their strong zero-shot generalization capabilities, can be applied to a wide range of downstream tasks. However, developing foundation models for medical image segmentation poses a significant challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Sihan Yang , Jiadong Feng , Xuande Mi , Haixia Bi , Hai Zhang , Jian Sun

The recently proposed Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a general tool for image segmentation, but it requires additional adaptation and careful fine-tuning for medical image segmentation, especially for small, irregularly-shaped, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Yaxi Chen , Aleksandra Ivanova , Shaheer U. Saeed , Rikin Hargunani , Jie Huang , Chaozong Liu , Yipeng Hu

Segmenting oil spills from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery remains challenging due to severe appearance variability, scale heterogeneity, and the absence of temporal continuity in real world monitoring scenarios. While foundation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Shuaiyu Chen , Ming Yin , Peng Ren , Chunbo Luo , Zeyu Fu

Medical imaging is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, with medical image segmentation as a subtask receiving high attention. However, automatic medical image segmentation models are typically task-specific and struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Ruochen Gao , Donghang Lyu , Marius Staring

Semantic Segmentation combines two sub-tasks: the identification of pixel-level image masks and the application of semantic labels to those masks. Recently, so-called Foundation Models have been introduced; general models trained on very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 David Balaban , Justin Medich , Pranay Gosar , Justin Hart