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Ultralight scalars can extract rotational energy from astrophysical black holes through superradiant instabilities, forming macroscopic boson clouds. This process is most efficient when the Compton wavelength of the boson is comparable to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-17 Emanuele Berti , Richard Brito , Caio F. B. Macedo , Guilherme Raposo , Joao Luis Rosa

Rotating black holes can form dense boson clouds through superradiant instability, making Kerr black holes a powerful probe of ultralight massive bosons. Previous studies of black hole superradiance have often treated bosonic fields…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-09 Lingyun Fu , Hidetoshi Omiya , Takahiro Tanaka , Xi Tong , Yi Wang , Hui-Yu Zhu

Gravitational atoms produced from the superradiant extraction of rotational energy of spinning black holes can reach energy densities significantly higher than that of dark matter, turning black holes into powerful potential detectors for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-15 Yifan Chen , Xiao Xue , Richard Brito , Vitor Cardoso

Ultralight bosons are well-motivated particles from various physical and cosmological theories, and can be spontaneously produced during the superradiant process, forming a dense hydrogen-like cloud around the spinning black hole. After the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-04 Yan Cao , Yong Tang

Spinning black holes could produce ultralight particles via the superradiance instability. These particles form a dense cloud around the host black hole, introducing new opportunities for the detection of ultralight new physics. When the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-12 Hyungjin Kim , Alessandro Lenoci

We study extreme mass-ratio binary systems in which a stellar mass compact object spirals into a supermassive black hole surrounded by a scalar cloud. Scalar clouds can form through superradiant instabilities of massive scalar fields around…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-27 Richard Brito , Shreya Shah

Bosonic fields (within suitable mass range) may be collectively generated by rotating black holes through the black hole superradiance process. The resulting black hole is surrounded by a ``cloud" of particles whose wave function populates…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-11 Ao Guo , Jun Zhang , Huan Yang

Superradiance is a process by which massive bosonic particles can extract energy from spinning black holes, leading to the build up of a "cloud" if the particle has a Compton wavelength comparable to the black hole's Schwarzschild radius.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-08 Zipeng Wang , Thomas Helfer , Katy Clough , Emanuele Berti

Ultralight scalars can form superradiant clouds around rotating black holes. These may alter the dynamics of compact binaries and the ensuing waveform through orbital resonances and cloud ionization. We re-examine resonances involving…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-22 Giovanni Maria Tomaselli

Superradiant clouds may develop around a rotating black hole, if there is a bosonic field with Compton wavelength comparable to the size of the black hole. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the cloud on the orbits of nearby…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-04 Jun Zhang , Huan Yang

Superradiant instabilities of rotating black holes can give rise to long-lived bosonic clouds, offering natural laboratories to probe ultralight particles across a wide range of parameter space. The presence of a companion can dramatically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-22 Mateja Bošković , Rafael A. Porto , Matthias Koschnitzke

Black hole superradiance, which only relies on gravitational interactions, can provide a powerful probe of the existence of ultralight bosons that are weakly coupled to ordinary matter. However, as a boson cloud grows through superradiance,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-04 William E. East

Rotating black holes can generate boson clouds via superradiance when the boson's Compton wavelength is comparable to the black hole's size. In binary systems, these clouds can produce distinctive observational imprints. Recent studies…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-09 Ximeng Li , Jing Ren , Xi-Li Zhang

We show that highly spinning primordial black holes of mass $M\sim 10^{12}$ kg, potentially born in a matter-dominated era after inflation, can produce clouds of pions in their vicinity via the superradiant instability, with densities up to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-27 Paulo B. Ferraz , Thomas W. Kephart , João G. Rosa

A superbubble which advances in a symmetric Navarro--Frenk--White density profile or in an auto-gravitating density profile generates a thick shell with a radius that can reach 10 kpc. The application of the symmetric and asymmetric image…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-28 L. Zaninetti

Ultralight bosons can form clouds around rotating black holes if their Compton wavelength is comparable to the black hole size. The boson cloud spins down the black hole through a process called superradiance, lowering the black hole spin…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-11 Ken K. Y. Ng , Otto A. Hannuksela , Salvatore Vitale , Tjonnie G. F. Li

Ultralight scalar fields such as axions can form clouds around rotating black holes (BHs) by the superradiant instability. It is important to consider the evolution of clouds associated with BH binaries for the detectability of the presence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-20 Takuya Takahashi , Hidetoshi Omiya , Takahiro Tanaka

Several models of physics beyond the Standard Model predict the existence of new ultralight bosons. This thesis investigates a way to discover such particles through observations of gravitational waves from binary black holes. This is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-18 Giovanni Maria Tomaselli

We present a new realization of the resonant production of primordial black holes as well as gravitational waves in a two-stage inflation model consisting of a scalar field \phi with an axion-monodromy-like periodic structure in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-25 Zihan Zhou , Jie Jiang , Yi-Fu Cai , Misao Sasaki , Shi Pi

One class of competitive candidates for dark matter is ultralight bosons. If they exist, these bosons may form long-lived bosonic clouds surrounding rotating black holes via superradiant instabilities, acting as sources of gravity and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-08 Adrian Ka-Wai Chung , Joseph Gais , Mark H. Y. Cheung , Tjonnie G. F. Li
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