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A total $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of $V(G)\cup E(G)$ using $k$ colors such that no two adjacent or incident elements receive the same color. The total chromatic number $\chi"(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Fan Yang , Jianliang Wu

We show that every ($P_6$, diamond, $K_4$)-free graph is $6$-colorable. Moreover, we give an example of a ($P_6$, diamond, $K_4$)-free graph $G$ with $\chi(G) = 6$. This generalizes some known results in the literature.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-03 T. Karthick , Suchismita Mishra

We generalize the Five Color Theorem by showing that it extends to graphs with two crossings. Furthermore, we show that if a graph has three crossings, but does not contain K_6 as a subgraph, then it is also 5-colorable. We also consider…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bogdan Oporowski , David Zhao

Answering a question by Letzter and Snyder, we prove that for large enough $k$ any $n$-vertex graph $G$ with minimum degree at least $\frac{1}{2k-1}n$ and without odd cycles of length less than $2k+1$ is $3$-colourable. In fact, we prove a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-08 Julia Böttcher , Nóra Frankl , Domenico Mergoni Cecchelli , Olaf Parczyk , Jozef Skokan

We propose local versions of Hadwiger's Conjecture, where only balls of radius $\Omega(\log(v(G)))$ around each vertex are required to be $K_{t}$-minor-free. We ask: if a graph is locally-$K_{t}$-minor-free, is it $t$-colourable? We show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-15 Benjamin Moore , Luke Postle , Lise Turner

Motivated by Hadwiger's conjecture, Seymour asked which graphs $H$ have the property that every non-null graph $G$ with no $H$ minor has a vertex of degree at most $|V(H)|-2$. We show that for every monotone graph family $\mathcal{F}$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Sergey Norin , Jérémie Turcotte

A graph with chromatic number $k$ is called $k$-chromatic. Using computational methods, we show that the smallest triangle-free 6-chromatic graphs have at least 32 and at most 40 vertices. We also determine the complete set of all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-02 Jan Goedgebeur

Let $K_4^+$ be the 5-vertex graph obtained from $K_4$, the complete graph on four vertices, by subdividing one edge precisely once (i.e. by replacing one edge by a path on three vertices). We prove that if the chromatic number of some graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-21 Louis Esperet , Nicolas Trotignon

In 1965, Vizing proved that every planar graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta\geq 8$ is edge $\Delta$-colorable. It is also proved that every planar graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta=7$ is edge $\Delta$-colorable by Sanders and Zhao,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Jieru Feng , Yuping Gao , Jianliang Wu

We prove that every 6-connected graph of girth $\geq 6$ has a $K_6$-minor and thus settle the Jorgensen conjecture for graphs of girth $ \geq 6$. Relaxing the assumption on the girth, we prove that every 6-connected $n$-vertex graph of size…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-12-30 Elad Aigner-Horev , Roi Krakovski

We construct a connected graph H such that (1) \chi(H) = \omega; (2) K_\omega, the complete graph on \omega points, is not a minor of H. Therefore Hadwiger's conjecture does not hold for graphs with infinite coloring number.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-14 Dominic van der Zypen

We prove a decomposition theorem for the class of triangle-free graphs that do not contain a subdivision of the complete graph on four vertices as an induced subgraph. We prove that every graph of girth at least~5 in this class is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-01 Nicolas Trotignon , Kristina Vušković

Contraction-critical graphs came from the study of minimal counterexamples to Hadwiger's conjecture. A graph is $k$-contraction-critical if it is $k$-chromatic, but any proper minor is $(k-1)$-colorable. It is a long-standing result of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Michael Lafferty , Runrun Liu , Martin Rolek , Gexin Yu

A theorem of Mader shows that every graph with average degree at least eight has a $K_6$ minor, and this is false if we replace eight by any smaller constant. Replacing average degree by minimum degree seems to make little difference: we do…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-22 Maria Chudnovsky , Alex Scott , Paul Seymour , Sophie Spirkl

A graph $G$ is $k$-ordered if for any distinct vertices $v_1, v_2, \ldots, v_k \in V(G)$, it has a cycle through $v_1, v_2, \ldots, v_k$ in order. Let $f(k)$ denote the minimum integer so that every $f(k)$-connected graph is $k$-ordered.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Rose McCarty , Yan Wang , Xingxing Yu

The choosability $\chi_\ell(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum $k$ such that having $k$ colors available at each vertex guarantees a proper coloring. Given a toroidal graph $G$, it is known that $\chi_\ell(G)\leq 7$, and $\chi_\ell(G)=7$ if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-15 Ilkyoo Choi

An {\em odd subgraph} of a graph is a subgraph in which every vertex has odd degree. A graph $G$ is said to be {\em odd $k$-edge-colorable} if there exists an edge-coloring $E(G) \rightarrow \{1,2, \ldots, k\}$ such that each non-empty…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Mikio Kano , Shun-ichi Maezawa , Kenta Ozeki

We prove that every simple connected graph with no $K_5$ minor admits a proper 4-coloring such that the neighborhood of each vertex $v$ having more than one neighbor is not monochromatic, unless the graph is isomorphic to the cycle of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-26 Younjin Kim , Sang June Lee , Sang-il Oum

A graph $G$ is $(d_1,d_2,d_3)$-colorable if the vertex set $V(G)$ can be partitioned into three subsets $V_1,V_2$ and $V_3$ such that for $i\in\{1,2,3\}$, the induced graph $G[V_i]$ has maximum vertex-degree at most $d_i$. So,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-03 Ligang Jin , Yingli Kang , Peipei Liu , Yingqian Wang

Hadwiger's conjecture asserts that every graph with chromatic number $t$ contains a complete minor of order $t$. Given integers $n \ge 2k+1 \ge 5$, the Kneser graph $K(n, k)$ is the graph with vertices the $k$-subsets of an $n$-set such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-01 Guangjun Xu , Sanming Zhou