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The symplectic Stiefel manifold, denoted by $\mathrm{Sp}(2p,2n)$, is the set of linear symplectic maps between the standard symplectic spaces $\mathbb{R}^{2p}$ and $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$. When $p=n$, it reduces to the well-known set of $2n\times…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Bin Gao , Nguyen Thanh Son , P. -A. Absil , Tatjana Stykel

The main tool to study a second order optimality problem is the Hessian operator associated to the cost function that defines the optimization problem. By regarding an orthogonal Stiefel manifold as a constraint manifold embedded in an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-03 Petre Birtea , Ioan Casu , Dan Comanescu

High-dimensional nonlinear optimization problems subject to nonlinear constraints can appear in several contexts including constrained physical and dynamical systems, statistical estimation, and other numerical models. Feasible optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-08 Kevin S. Silmore , James W. Swan

Optimization on manifolds is a rapidly developing branch of nonlinear optimization. Its focus is on problems where the smooth geometry of the search space can be leveraged to design efficient numerical algorithms. In particular,…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2016-01-07 Nicolas Boumal , Bamdev Mishra , P. -A. Absil , Rodolphe Sepulchre

Bilevel optimization has gained prominence in various applications. In this study, we introduce a framework for solving bilevel optimization problems, where the variables in both the lower and upper levels are constrained on Riemannian…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Andi Han , Bamdev Mishra , Pratik Jawanpuria , Akiko Takeda

We consider a class of nonsmooth optimization problems over the Stiefel manifold, in which the objective function is weakly convex in the ambient Euclidean space. Such problems are ubiquitous in engineering applications but still largely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-26 Xiao Li , Shixiang Chen , Zengde Deng , Qing Qu , Zhihui Zhu , Anthony Man Cho So

The standard quadratic optimization problem (StQP) consists of minimizing a quadratic form over the standard simplex. Without assuming convexity or concavity of the quadratic form, the StQP is NP-hard. This problem has many interesting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Immanuel M. Bomze , Daniel de Vicente , Abdel Lisser , Heng Zhang

Shifted combinatorial optimization is a new nonlinear optimization framework which is a broad extension of standard combinatorial optimization, involving the choice of several feasible solutions at a time. This framework captures well…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Jakub Gajarský , Petr Hliněný , Martin Koutecký , Shmuel Onn

The sign-constrained Stiefel manifold in $\mathbb{R}^{n\times r}$ is a segment of the Stiefel manifold with fixed signs (nonnegative or nonpositive) for some columns of the matrices. It includes the nonnegative Stiefel manifold as a special…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-21 Xiaojun Chen , Yifan He , Zaikun Zhang

The real symplectic Stiefel manifold is the manifold of symplectic bases of symplectic subspaces of a fixed dimension. It features in a large variety of applications in physics and engineering. In this work, we study this manifold with the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Thomas Bendokat , Ralf Zimmermann

In machine learning and big data, the optimization objectives based on set-cover, entropy, diversity, influence, feature selection, etc. are commonly modeled as submodular functions. Submodular (function) maximization is generally NP-hard,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Haotian Zhang , Rao Li , Zewei Wu , Guodong Sun

Optimization with orthogonality constraints frequently arises in various fields such as machine learning. Riemannian optimization offers a powerful framework for solving these problems by equipping the constraint set with a Riemannian…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Andi Han , Pierre-Louis Poirion , Akiko Takeda

We first show a simple but striking result in bilevel optimization: unconstrained $C^\infty$ smooth bilevel programming is as hard as general extended-real-valued lower semicontinuous minimization. We then proceed to a worst-case analysis…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Jérôme Bolte , Quoc-Tung Le , Edouard Pauwels , Samuel Vaiter

We address the non-convex optimisation problem of finding a sparse matrix on the Stiefel manifold (matrices with mutually orthogonal columns of unit length) that maximises (or minimises) a quadratic objective function. Optimisation problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-04 Florian Bernard , Daniel Cremers , Johan Thunberg

Low-rank optimization problems with sparse simplex constraints involve variables that must satisfy nonnegativity, sparsity, and sum-to-1 conditions, making their optimization particularly challenging due to the interplay between low-rank…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Flavia Esposito , Andersen Ang

In this paper we study nonconvex and nonsmooth multi-block optimization over Riemannian manifolds with coupled linear constraints. Such optimization problems naturally arise from machine learning, statistical learning, compressive sensing,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-09 Junyu Zhang , Shiqian Ma , Shuzhong Zhang

The symplectic Stiefel manifold, denoted by $\mathrm{Sp}(2p,2n)$, is the set of linear symplectic maps between the standard symplectic spaces $\mathbb{R}^{2p}$ and $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$. When $p=n$, it reduces to the well-known set of $2n\times…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Bin Gao , Nguyen Thanh Son , P. -A. Absil , Tatjana Stykel

This paper aims to investigate the distributed stochastic optimization problems on compact embedded submanifolds (in the Euclidean space) for multi-agent network systems. To address the manifold structure, we propose a distributed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Jishu Zhao , Xi Wang , Jinlong Lei , Shixiang Chen

A parameterized orthogonality-constrained neural network is proposed for the first time to solve the parameterized generalized inverse eigenvalue problem (PGIEP) on product manifolds, offering a new perspective to address PGIEP. The key…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Shuai Zhang , Xuelian Jiang , Yingxiang Xu

In this paper, we present a novel penalty model called ExPen for optimization over the Stiefel manifold. Different from existing penalty functions for orthogonality constraints, ExPen adopts a smooth penalty function without using any…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-20 Nachuan Xiao , Xin Liu