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Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in clinical diagnosis. However, current models struggle to emulate the iterative, diagnostic hypothesis-driven reasoning of real clinical scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Qipeng Wang , Rui Sheng , Yafei Li , Huamin Qu , Yushi Sun , Min Zhu

The rapid proliferation of AI-generated images, powered by generative adversarial networks (GANs), diffusion models, and other synthesis techniques, has raised serious concerns about misinformation, copyright violations, and digital…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Nusrat Tasnim , Kutub Uddin , Khalid Malik

As Large Language Models (LLMs) and other AI systems evolve, robustly estimating their capabilities from inherently stochastic outputs while systematically quantifying uncertainty in these estimates becomes increasingly important. Further,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Lennart Luettgau , Harry Coppock , Magda Dubois , Christopher Summerfield , Cozmin Ududec

Rapid development of artificial intelligence has drastically accelerated the development of scientific discovery. Trained with large-scale observation data, deep neural networks extract the underlying patterns in an end-to-end manner and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zijun Liu , Kaiming Liu , Yiqi Zhu , Xuanyu Lei , Zonghan Yang , Zhenhe Zhang , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Existing deepfake detection techniques struggle to keep-up with the ever-evolving novel, unseen forgeries methods. This limitation stems from their reliance on statistical artifacts learned during training, which are often tied to specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Guangyu Shen , Zhihua Li , Xiang Xu , Tianchen Zhao , Zheng Zhang , Dongsheng An , Zhuowen Tu , Yifan Xing , Qin Zhang

In this paper, in order to get a better understanding of the human visual preferences for AIGIs, a large-scale IQA database for AIGC is established, which is named as AIGCIQA2023. We first generate over 2000 images based on 6…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Jiarui Wang , Huiyu Duan , Jing Liu , Shi Chen , Xiongkuo Min , Guangtao Zhai

With growing concerns over image authenticity and digital safety, the field of AI-generated image (AIGI) detection has progressed rapidly. Yet, most AIGI detectors still struggle under real-world degradations, particularly motion blur,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Jialiang Shen , Jiyang Zheng , Yunqi Xue , Huajie Chen , Yu Yao , Hui Kang , Ruiqi Liu , Helin Gong , Yang Yang , Dadong Wang , Tongliang Liu

The rapid evolution of AI-generated images poses growing challenges to information integrity and media authenticity. Existing detection approaches face limitations in robustness, interpretability, and generalization across diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Mengfei Liang , Yiting Qu , Yukun Jiang , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

In this paper, we present HOLMES, a system that implements a new approach to the detection of Advanced and Persistent Threats (APTs). HOLMES is inspired by several case studies of real-world APTs that highlight some common goals of APT…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Sadegh M. Milajerdi , Rigel Gjomemo , Birhanu Eshete , R. Sekar , V. N. Venkatakrishnan

Traditional supervised methods for detecting AI-generated images depend on large, curated datasets for training and fail to generalize to novel, out-of-domain image generators. As an alternative, we explore pre-trained Vision-Language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zoher Kachwala , Danishjeet Singh , Danielle Yang , Filippo Menczer

With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) technologies, synthetic images have become increasingly prevalent in everyday life, posing new challenges for authenticity assessment and detection. Despite the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Siwei Wen , Junyan Ye , Peilin Feng , Hengrui Kang , Zichen Wen , Yize Chen , Jiang Wu , Wenjun Wu , Conghui He , Weijia Li

As image generation technology advances, AI-based image generation has been applied in various fields and Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) has garnered widespread attention. However, the development of AI-based image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Jiquan Yuan , Xinyan Cao , Changjin Li , Fanyi Yang , Jinlong Lin , Xixin Cao

Towards open-ended Video Anomaly Detection (VAD), existing methods often exhibit biased detection when faced with challenging or unseen events and lack interpretability. To address these drawbacks, we propose Holmes-VAD, a novel framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Huaxin Zhang , Xiaohao Xu , Xiang Wang , Jialong Zuo , Chuchu Han , Xiaonan Huang , Changxin Gao , Yuehuan Wang , Nong Sang

Rapid advancement in generative AI and large language models (LLMs) has enabled the generation of highly realistic and contextually relevant digital content. LLMs such as ChatGPT with DALL-E integration and Stable Diffusion techniques can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jitendra Sharma , Arthur Carvalho , Suman Bhunia

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in customer service introduces new risks, as malicious actors can exploit them to conduct large-scale user impersonation through machine-generated text (MGT). Current MGT detection methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Angela Yifei Yuan , Haoyi Li , Soyeon Caren Han , Christopher Leckie

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive real-world utility, exemplifying artificial useful intelligence (AUI). However, their ability to reason adaptively and robustly -- the hallmarks of artificial general intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Seungwook Han , Jyothish Pari , Samuel J. Gershman , Pulkit Agrawal

Detecting AI-generated images (AIGI) remains challenging because detectors often fail to generalize to unseen generators. Although existing methods are trained on large datasets, their performance still degrades when generation settings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zijie Cao , Weijie Tu , Yao Xiao , Weijian Deng , Liang Lin , Pengxu Wei

The increasing availability of large-scale datasets has fueled rapid progress across many scientific fields, creating unprecedented opportunities for research and discovery while posing significant analytical challenges. Recent advances in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Erzhuo Shao , Yifang Wang , Yifan Qian , Zhenyu Pan , Han Liu , Dashun Wang

Open vocabulary Human-Object Interaction (HOI) detection is a challenging task that detects all <human, verb, object> triplets of interest in an image, even those that are not pre-defined in the training set. Existing approaches typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Yupeng Hu , Changxing Ding , Chang Sun , Shaoli Huang , Xiangmin Xu

AI language technologies (AILTs), increasingly enabled by large language models (LLMs), are becoming embedded in multilingual healthcare workflows for translation, rewriting, documentation, interpreting, and messaging in language-discordant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Vicent Briva-Iglesias