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Before deploying a black-box model in high-stakes problems, it is important to evaluate the model's performance on sensitive subpopulations. For example, in a recidivism prediction task, we may wish to identify demographic groups for which…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-09 John J. Cherian , Emmanuel J. Candès

The boom of Generative AI brings opportunities entangled with risks and concerns. Existing literature emphasizes the generalization capability of deepfake detection on unseen generators, significantly promoting the detector's ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yongqi Yang , Zhihao Qian , Ye Zhu , Olga Russakovsky , Yu Wu

Remarkable advancements in generative AI technology have given rise to a spectrum of novel deepfake categories with unprecedented leaps in their realism, and deepfakes are increasingly becoming a nuisance to law enforcement authorities and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Tharindu Fernando , Clinton Fookes , Sridha Sridharan , Simon Denman

Biases inherent in both data and algorithms make the fairness of widespread machine learning (ML)-based decision-making systems less than optimal. To improve the trustfulness of such ML decision systems, it is crucial to be aware of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Biying Fu , Naser Damer

Due to the growing concern about unsavory behaviors of machine learning models toward certain demographic groups, the notion of 'fairness' has recently drawn much attention from the community, thereby motivating the study of fairness in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Minh Phu Vuong , Young-Ju Lee , Iván Ojeda-Ruiz , Chul-Ho Lee

Existing deepfake detection techniques struggle to keep-up with the ever-evolving novel, unseen forgeries methods. This limitation stems from their reliance on statistical artifacts learned during training, which are often tied to specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Guangyu Shen , Zhihua Li , Xiang Xu , Tianchen Zhao , Zheng Zhang , Dongsheng An , Zhuowen Tu , Yifan Xing , Qin Zhang

Audio deepfake detection aims to detect real human voices from those generated by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and has emerged as a significant problem in the field of voice biometrics systems. With the ever-improving quality of synthetic…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Aishwarya Fursule , Shruti Kshirsagar , Anderson R. Avila

The rapid growth of data in the recent years has led to the development of complex learning algorithms that are often used to make decisions in real world. While the positive impact of the algorithms has been tremendous, there is a need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Ankit Kulshrestha , Ilya Safro

Algorithmic fairness has aroused considerable interests in data mining and machine learning communities recently. So far the existing research has been mostly focusing on the development of quantitative metrics to measure algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Weishen Pan , Sen Cui , Jiang Bian , Changshui Zhang , Fei Wang

The Fair Graph Anomaly Detection (FairGAD) problem aims to accurately detect anomalous nodes in an input graph while avoiding biased predictions against individuals from sensitive subgroups. However, the current literature does not…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Neng Kai Nigel Neo , Yeon-Chang Lee , Yiqiao Jin , Sang-Wook Kim , Srijan Kumar

The deep integration of foundation models (FM) with federated learning (FL) enhances personalization and scalability for diverse downstream tasks, making it crucial in sensitive domains like healthcare. Achieving group fairness has become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuning Yang , Han Yu , Tianrun Gao , Xiaodong Xu , Guangyu Wang

Ensuring fairness in Graph Neural Networks is fundamental to promoting trustworthy and socially responsible machine learning systems. In response, numerous fair graph learning methods have been proposed in recent years. However, most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Zichong Wang , Zhipeng Yin , Liping Yang , Jun Zhuang , Rui Yu , Qingzhao Kong , Wenbin Zhang

Driven by the powerful representation ability of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), plentiful GNN models have been widely deployed in many real-world applications. Nevertheless, due to distribution disparities between different demographic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Zhixun Li , Yushun Dong , Qiang Liu , Jeffrey Xu Yu

Deepfake detection methods have shown promising results in recognizing forgeries within a given dataset, where training and testing take place on the in-distribution dataset. However, their performance deteriorates significantly when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Aminollah Khormali , Jiann-Shiun Yuan

Despite being widely used, face recognition models suffer from bias: the probability of a false positive (incorrect face match) strongly depends on sensitive attributes such as the ethnicity of the face. As a result, these models can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Tiago Salvador , Stephanie Cairns , Vikram Voleti , Noah Marshall , Adam Oberman

Addressing fairness in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in medical AI, is crucial for ensuring equitable healthcare outcomes. Recent efforts to enhance fairness have introduced new methodologies and datasets in medical AI.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-22 Yu Tian , Congcong Wen , Min Shi , Muhammad Muneeb Afzal , Hao Huang , Muhammad Osama Khan , Yan Luo , Yi Fang , Mengyu Wang

While deep learning (DL) approaches are reaching human-level performance for many tasks, including for diagnostics AI, the focus is now on challenges possibly affecting DL deployment, including AI privacy, domain generalization, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Neil Joshi , Phil Burlina

Over the past few years, Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) has become a fundamental part of facial recognition systems. Although much effort has been devoted to anti-spoofing research, generalization in real scenarios remains a challenge.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Artur Costa-Pazo , David Jimenez-Cabello , Esteban Vazquez-Fernandez , Jose L. Alba-Castro , Roberto J. López-Sastre

Demographic parity (DP) is a widely used group fairness criterion requiring predictive distributions to be invariant across sensitive groups. While natural in classification, full distributional DP is often overly restrictive in regression…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-27 Arthur Charpentier , Christophe Denis , Romuald Elie , Mohamed Hebiri , François HU

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are being utilized in various aspects of our daily lives, including high-stakes decision-making applications that impact individuals. However, these systems reflect and amplify bias from the data used during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Moses Openja , Paolo Arcaini , Foutse Khomh , Fuyuki Ishikawa