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Adversarial audio attacks can be considered as a small perturbation unperceptive to human ears that is intentionally added to the audio signal and causes a machine learning model to make mistakes. This poses a security concern about the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Mohammad Esmaeilpour , Patrick Cardinal , Alessandro Lameiras Koerich

Recent progress in generative AI technology has made audio deepfakes remarkably more realistic. While current research on anti-spoofing systems primarily focuses on assessing whether a given audio sample is fake or genuine, there has been…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-26 Nicholas Klein , Tianxiang Chen , Hemlata Tak , Ricardo Casal , Elie Khoury

The rapid advancement of generative AI has made audio deepfakes increasingly indistinguishable from authentic human vocals, posing significant threats to persons-of-interest (POI) such as public figures. Current detection systems primarily…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jun Xue , Tong Zhang , Zhuolin Yi , Yihuan Huang , Yi Chai , Yiyang Zhang , Yanzhen Ren

Training personalized speech enhancement models is innately a no-shot learning problem due to privacy constraints and limited access to noise-free speech from the target user. If there is an abundance of unlabeled noisy speech from the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-06 Aswin Sivaraman , Sunwoo Kim , Minje Kim

The rapid proliferation of AI-manipulated or generated audio deepfakes poses serious challenges to media integrity and election security. Current AI-driven detection solutions lack explainability and underperform in real-world settings. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Georgia Channing , Juil Sock , Ronald Clark , Philip Torr , Christian Schroeder de Witt

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been found to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. Adversarial examples are malicious images with visually imperceptible perturbations. While these carefully crafted perturbations restricted with tight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Yajie Wang , Shangbo Wu , Wenyi Jiang , Shengang Hao , Yu-an Tan , Quanxin Zhang

Generative deep learning models are able to create realistic audio and video. This technology has been used to impersonate the faces and voices of individuals. These ``deepfakes'' are being used to spread misinformation, enable scams,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Guy Frankovits , Yisroel Mirsky

Over the past decade, side-channels have proven to be significant and practical threats to modern computing systems. Recent attacks have all exploited the underlying shared hardware. While practical, mounting such a complicated attack is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Mehmet Sinan Inci , Thomas Eisenbarth , Berk Sunar

Deep learning-based face recognition (FR) systems pose significant privacy risks by tracking users without their consent. While adversarial attacks can protect privacy, they often produce visible artifacts compromising user experience. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Fahad Shamshad , Muzammal Naseer , Karthik Nandakumar

Large Language Model (LLM) watermarking embeds detectable signals into generated text for copyright protection, misuse prevention, and content detection. While prior studies evaluate robustness using watermark removal attacks, these methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhaoxi Zhang , Xiaomei Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , He Zhang , Shirui Pan , Bo Liu , Asif Qumer Gill , Leo Yu Zhang

Advancements in diffusion models have enabled effortless image editing via text prompts, raising concerns about image security. Attackers with access to user images can exploit these tools for malicious edits. Recent defenses attempt to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Aniruddha Bala , Rohit Chowdhury , Rohan Jaiswal , Siddharth Roheda

Adversarial attack is aimed at fooling the target classifier with imperceptible perturbation. Adversarial examples, which are carefully crafted with a malicious purpose, can lead to erroneous predictions, resulting in catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Mingu Kang , Trung Quang Tran , Seungju Cho , Daeyoung Kim

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) is highly susceptible to adversarial attacks. Purification modules are usually adopted as a pre-processing to mitigate adversarial noise. However, they are commonly implemented across diverse…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-15 Haibin Wu , Heng-Cheng Kuo , Yu Tsao , Hung-yi Lee

Digital beautification through social media filters has become increasingly popular, raising concerns about the reliability of facial images and videos and the effectiveness of automated face analysis. This issue is particularly critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Sara Concas , Simone Maurizio La Cava , Andrea Panzino , Ester Masala , Giulia Orrù , Gian Luca Marcialis

Thanks to the growing availability of spoofing databases and rapid advances in using them, systems for detecting voice spoofing attacks are becoming more and more capable, and error rates close to zero are being reached for the ASVspoof2015…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-05 Jaime Lorenzo-Trueba , Fuming Fang , Xin Wang , Isao Echizen , Junichi Yamagishi , Tomi Kinnunen

The rapid advancement of generative models has enabled the creation of increasingly stealthy synthetic voices, commonly referred to as audio deepfakes. A recent technique, FOICE [USENIX'24], demonstrates a particularly alarming capability:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Nguyen Linh Bao Nguyen , Alsharif Abuadbba , Kristen Moore , Tingmin Wu

Spoofing countermeasure (CM) systems are critical in speaker verification; they aim to discern spoofing attacks from bona fide speech trials. In practice, however, acoustic condition variability in speech utterances may significantly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 You Zhang , Ge Zhu , Fei Jiang , Zhiyao Duan

With the development of deep learning technology, the facial manipulation system has become powerful and easy to use. Such systems can modify the attributes of the given facial images, such as hair color, gender, and age. Malicious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Yao Zhu , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaodan Li , Rong Zhang , Xiang Tian , Bolun Zheng , Yaowu Chen

Audio has become an increasingly crucial biometric modality due to its ability to provide an intuitive way for humans to interact with machines. It is currently being used for a range of applications, including person authentication to…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Rishabh Ranjan , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

Voice conversion (VC) aims to modify the speaker's identity while preserving the linguistic content. Commonly, VC methods use an encoder-decoder architecture, where disentangling the speaker's identity from linguistic information is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-19 Philip H. Lee , Ismail Rasim Ulgen , Berrak Sisman