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The paradigm of Large Language Models (LLMs) has increasingly shifted toward agentic applications, where web browsing capabilities are fundamental for retrieving information from diverse online sources. However, existing open-source web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Junteng Liu , Yunji Li , Chi Zhang , Jingyang Li , Aili Chen , Ke Ji , Weiyu Cheng , Zijia Wu , Chengyu Du , Qidi Xu , Jiayuan Song , Zhengmao Zhu , Wenhu Chen , Pengyu Zhao , Junxian He

Deep research systems powered by LLM agents have transformed complex information seeking by automating the iterative retrieval, filtering, and synthesis of insights from massive-scale web sources. However, existing systems predominantly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Bo Pan , Lunke Pan , Yitao Zhou , Qi Jiang , Zhen Wen , Minfeng Zhu , Wei Chen

Large language models (LLMs)-empowered web agents enables automating complex, real-time web navigation tasks in enterprise environments. However, existing web agents relying on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) often struggle with generalization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuchen Zhuang , Di Jin , Jiaao Chen , Wenqi Shi , Hanrui Wang , Chao Zhang

This paper proposes a query-level meta-agent named FlowReasoner to automate the design of query-level multi-agent systems, i.e., one system per user query. Our core idea is to incentivize a reasoning-based meta-agent via external execution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hongcheng Gao , Yue Liu , Yufei He , Longxu Dou , Chao Du , Zhijie Deng , Bryan Hooi , Min Lin , Tianyu Pang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at knowledge-intensive question answering and reasoning, yet their real-world deployment remains constrained by knowledge cutoff, hallucination, and limited interaction modalities. Augmenting LLMs with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Daocheng Fu , Jianbiao Mei , Licheng Wen , Xuemeng Yang , Cheng Yang , Rong Wu , Tao Hu , Siqi Li , Yufan Shen , Xinyu Cai , Pinlong Cai , Botian Shi , Yong Liu , Yu Qiao

Large language model agents are becoming increasingly capable at web-centric tasks such as information retrieval, complex reasoning. These emerging capabilities have given rise to surge research interests in developing LLM agent for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yu Li , Lehui Li , Lin Chen , Qingmin Liao , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

The performance gap between closed-source and open-source large language models (LLMs) is largely attributed to disparities in access to high-quality training data. To bridge this gap, we introduce a novel framework for the automated…

Large reasoning models have demonstrated strong problem-solving abilities, yet real-world tasks often require external tools and long-horizon interactions. Existing agent frameworks typically follow predefined workflows, which limit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xiaoxi Li , Wenxiang Jiao , Jiarui Jin , Guanting Dong , Jiajie Jin , Yinuo Wang , Hao Wang , Yutao Zhu , Ji-Rong Wen , Yuan Lu , Zhicheng Dou

Large Language Models (LLMs) equipped with web search capabilities have demonstrated impressive potential for deep research tasks. However, current approaches predominantly rely on either manually engineered prompts (prompt…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yuxiang Zheng , Dayuan Fu , Xiangkun Hu , Xiaojie Cai , Lyumanshan Ye , Pengrui Lu , Pengfei Liu

Frontier scientific reasoning is rapidly emerging as a key foundation for advancing AI agents in automated scientific discovery. Deep research agents offer a promising approach to this challenge. These models develop robust problem-solving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Tianshi Zheng , Rui Wang , Xiyun Li , Kelvin Kiu Wai Tam , Newt Nguyen Kim Hue Nam , Wei Fan , Yangqiu Song , Tianqing Fang

Efficiently solving real-world problems with LLMs increasingly hinges on their ability to interact with dynamic web environments and autonomously acquire external information. While recent research like Search-R1 and WebDancer demonstrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Tao Yu , Zhengbo Zhang , Zhiheng Lyu , Junhao Gong , Hongzhu Yi , Xinming Wang , Yuxuan Zhou , Jiabing Yang , Ping Nie , Yan Huang , Wenhu Chen

Deep search capabilities have become an indispensable competency for frontier Large Language Model (LLM) agents, yet their development remains dominated by industrial giants. The typical industry recipe involves a highly resource-intensive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yuwen Du , Rui Ye , Shuo Tang , Keduan Huang , Xinyu Zhu , Yuzhu Cai , Siheng Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have been successfully adapted for interactive decision-making tasks like web navigation. While achieving decent performance, previous methods implicitly assume a forward-only execution mode for the model, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Kaixin Ma , Hongming Zhang , Hongwei Wang , Xiaoman Pan , Wenhao Yu , Dong Yu

Recent advancements in language models have demonstrated remarkable improvements in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as web navigation. Supervised learning (SL) approaches have achieved impressive performance while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Lucas-Andreï Thil , Mirela Popa , Gerasimos Spanakis

Human-level driving is an ultimate goal of autonomous driving. Conventional approaches formulate autonomous driving as a perception-prediction-planning framework, yet their systems do not capitalize on the inherent reasoning ability and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jiageng Mao , Junjie Ye , Yuxi Qian , Marco Pavone , Yue Wang

To fulfill user instructions, autonomous web agents must contend with the inherent complexity and volatile nature of real-world websites. Conventional paradigms predominantly rely on Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) or Offline Reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yuyu Guo , Wenjie Yang , Siyuan Yang , Ziyang Liu , Cheng Chen , Yuan Wei , Yun Hu , Yang Huang , Guoliang Hao , Dongsheng Yuan , Jianming Wang , Xin Chen , Hang Yu , Lei Lei , Peng Di

Information seeking and integration is a complex cognitive task that consumes enormous time and effort. Inspired by the remarkable progress of Large Language Models, recent works attempt to solve this task by combining LLMs and search…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zehui Chen , Kuikun Liu , Qiuchen Wang , Jiangning Liu , Wenwei Zhang , Kai Chen , Feng Zhao

Deep search has become a crucial capability for frontier multimodal agents, enabling models to solve complex questions through active search, evidence verification, and multi-step reasoning. Despite rapid progress, top-tier multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Shuang Chen , Kaituo Feng , Hangting Chen , Wenxuan Huang , Dasen Dai , Quanxin Shou , Yunlong Lin , Xiangyu Yue , Shenghua Gao , Tianyu Pang

Deep research is an inherently challenging task that demands both breadth and depth of thinking. It involves navigating diverse knowledge spaces and reasoning over complex, multi-step dependencies, which presents substantial challenges for…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized recommendation agents by providing superior reasoning and flexible decision-making capabilities. However, existing methods mainly follow a passive information acquisition paradigm, where…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Haobo Zhang , Yutao Zhu , Kelong Mao , Tianhao Li , Zhicheng Dou