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The quasinormal mode spectrum of gravitational waves emitted during the black hole ringdown relaxation phase, following the merger of a black hole binary, is a crucial target of gravitational wave astronomy. By considering causality…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-20 A. Kehagias , A. Riotto

Quadratic quasinormal modes encode fundamental properties of black hole spacetimes. They are also one of the key ingredients of nonlinearities of General Relativity in the ringdown stage of binary black hole coalescence. In this work, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-23 Neev Khera , Sizheng Ma , Huan Yang

It is well established that the response of a black hole to a generic perturbation is characterized by a spectrum of damped resonances, called quasinormal modes; and that, in the limit of large angular momentum ($l \gg 1$), the quasinormal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-11 Sam R. Dolan

The excitation of quadratic quasinormal modes is an important nonlinear phenomenon for a Kerr black hole ringing at a specific linear mode. The amplitude of this second-order effect is proportional to the square of the linear mode…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-27 Sizheng Ma , Huan Yang

We study the physics of photon rings in a wide range of axisymmetric black holes admitting a separable Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the geodesics. Utilizing the Killing-Yano tensor, we derive the Penrose limit of the black holes, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-22 D. Giataganas , A. Kehagias , A. Riotto

In this work, we explore the connection between the critical curves ("shadows") and the quasinormal mode frequencies (in the eikonal limit) of Kerr black holes. This mapping has been previously established for non-rotating black holes. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-14 Huan Yang

We investigate the quasinormal modes of several families of higher-dimensional regular black holes arising in gravitational theories that incorporate an infinite tower of higher-curvature corrections to Einstein gravity. Our analysis…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-30 Juan Pablo Arbelaez

We calculate analytically asymptotic values of quasi-normal frequencies of four-dimensional Kerr black holes by solving the Teukolsky wave equation. We obtain an expression for arbitrary spin of the wave in agreement with Hod's proposal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Suphot Musiri , George Siopsis

We discuss a new ringdown frequency mode for vacuum perturbations of the Kerr black hole. We evolve initial data for the vacuum radial Teukolsky equation using a near horizon approximation, and find a frequency mode analogous to that found…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-19 Aaron Zimmerman , Yanbei Chen

We report evidence for nonlinear modes in the ringdown stage of the gravitational waveform produced by the merger of two comparable-mass black holes. We consider both the coalescence of black hole binaries in quasicircular orbits and…

It has been recently shown that nonlinear effects emerging at the time of the generation of the quasi-normal modes are necessary to model ringdowns from black hole mergers. In this note, we describe how nonlinerarities also arise when…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-03 Alex Kehagias , Antonio Riotto

The resonant mode spectrum of the Kerr-Newman spacetime is presently unknown. These modes, called the quasinormal modes, play a central role in determining the stability of Kerr-Newman black holes and their response to perturbations. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-05 Zachary Mark , Huan Yang , Aaron Zimmerman , Yanbei Chen

One of the central goals of the newborn field of gravitational wave astronomy is to test gravity in the highly nonlinear, strong field regime characterizing the spacetime of black holes. In particular, "black hole spectroscopy" (the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-04 Kostas Glampedakis , George Pappas , Hector O. Silva , Emanuele Berti

Perturbed Kerr black holes emit gravitational radiation, which (for the practical purposes of gravitational-wave astronomy) consists of a superposition of damped sinusoids termed quasi-normal modes. The frequencies and time-constants of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-30 Ioannis Kamaretsos , Mark Hannam , Sascha Husa , B. S. Sathyaprakash

Modelling of gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral has played an important role in the recent observations of such signals. The late-stage ringdown phase of the gravitational waveform is often associated with the null particle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-03 Gaurav Khanna , Richard H. Price

A large portion of the studies concerning the quasinormal mode frequencies of a Kerr black hole have focused only on achieving higher numerical accuracy with limited emphasis on providing their physical interpretation. In this article, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-03 Antoine Folacci , Aditya Tamar

We examine the possible characterization of ringdown waves in a dynamical Vaidya spacetime using the Penrose limit geometry around the dynamical photon sphere. In the case of a static spherically symmetric black hole spacetime, it is known…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-23 Chul-Moon Yoo , Masashi Kimura , Akihiro Ishibashi , Rikuto Ohashi

After black holes collide, the remnant settles to a stationary state by emitting gravitational waves. Once non-linearities subside, these ringdown waves are dominated by exponentially-damped sinusoids, or quasinormal modes. We develop a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-05 Adrian Ka-Wai Chung , Nicolas Yunes

The remnant of a black hole binary merger settles into a stationary configuration by "ringing down" through the emission of gravitational waves that consist of a superposition of damped exponentials with discrete complex frequencies - the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-11 Matteo Della Rocca , Laura Pezzella , Emanuele Berti , Leonardo Gualtieri , Andrea Maselli

The analytical understanding of quasinormal mode ringing requires an accurate knowledge of the Green's function describing the response of the black hole to external perturbations. We carry out a comprehensive study of quasinormal mode…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-23 Zhongyang Zhang , Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso