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Spam messages continue to present significant challenges to digital users, cluttering inboxes and posing security risks. Traditional spam detection methods, including rules-based, collaborative, and machine learning approaches, struggle to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Qiyao Tang , Xiangyang Li

Model poisoning attacks are critical security threats to Federated Learning (FL). Existing model poisoning attacks suffer from two key limitations: 1) they achieve suboptimal effectiveness when defenses are deployed, and/or 2) they require…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yueqi Xie , Minghong Fang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Over the past decade, there has been extensive research aimed at enhancing the robustness of neural networks, yet this problem remains vastly unsolved. Here, one major impediment has been the overestimation of the robustness of new defense…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Leo Schwinn , David Dobre , Stephan Günnemann , Gauthier Gidel

As the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) continue to expand, their usage has become increasingly prevalent. However, as reflected in numerous ongoing lawsuits regarding LLM-generated content, addressing copyright infringement…

Pre-trained language models (PTLMs) have achieved great success and remarkable performance over a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, there are also growing concerns regarding the potential security issues in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Shangwei Guo , Chunlong Xie , Jiwei Li , Lingjuan Lyu , Tianwei Zhang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with Graph Representation Learning (GRL) marks a significant evolution in analyzing complex data structures. This collaboration harnesses the sophisticated linguistic capabilities of LLMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Qiheng Mao , Zemin Liu , Chenghao Liu , Zhuo Li , Jianling Sun

Federated learning is highly susceptible to model poisoning attacks, especially those meticulously crafted for servers. Traditional defense methods mainly focus on updating assessments or robust aggregation against manually crafted myopic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yujing Wang , Hainan Zhang , Sijia Wen , Wangjie Qiu , Binghui Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by advancing natural language understanding and generation, enabling applications across fields beyond healthcare, software engineering, and conversational systems.…

Graphs are an essential data structure utilized to represent relationships in real-world scenarios. Prior research has established that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) deliver impressive outcomes in graph-centric tasks, such as link prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xubin Ren , Jiabin Tang , Dawei Yin , Nitesh Chawla , Chao Huang

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has introduced critical security challenges, where adversarial actors can manipulate input prompts to cause significant harm and circumvent safety alignments. These prompt-based attacks…

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm designed to address privacy concerns. However, FL is vulnerable to poisoning attacks, where Byzantine clients compromise the integrity of the global model by submitting malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Ryan McGaughey , Jesus Martinez del Rincon , Ihsen Alouani

Ensuring the security of large language models (LLMs) is an ongoing challenge despite their widespread popularity. Developers work to enhance LLMs security, but vulnerabilities persist, even in advanced versions like GPT-4. Attackers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Aysan Esmradi , Daniel Wankit Yip , Chun Fai Chan

Federated Learning (FL) enables geographically distributed clients to collaboratively train machine learning models by sharing only their local models, ensuring data privacy. However, FL is vulnerable to untargeted attacks that aim to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Di Wu , Qian Li , Heng Yang , Yong Han

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT4 and LLaMA, are creating significant advancements in natural language processing, due to their strong text encoding/decoding ability and newly found emergent capability (e.g., reasoning). While LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Bowen Jin , Gang Liu , Chi Han , Meng Jiang , Heng Ji , Jiawei Han

Graph machine learning has gained great attention in both academia and industry recently. Most of the graph machine learning models, such as Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), are trained over massive graph data. However, in many real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Xingbo Fu , Binchi Zhang , Yushun Dong , Chen Chen , Jundong Li

Federated learning is a distributed framework designed to address privacy concerns. However, it introduces new attack surfaces, which are especially prone when data is non-Independently and Identically Distributed. Existing approaches fail…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hyejun Jeong , Hamin Son , Seohu Lee , Jayun Hyun , Tai-Myoung Chung

Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly through instruction tuning, which enables broad task generalization without additional fine-tuning. However, their reliance on large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 San Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm for distributed training of large-scale deep neural networks in which participants' data remains on their own devices with only model updates being shared with a central server. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Vale Tolpegin , Stacey Truex , Mehmet Emre Gursoy , Ling Liu

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that enables training models on decentralized data. The field of FL security against poisoning attacks is plagued with confusion due to the proliferation of research that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Hamid Mozaffari , Sunav Choudhary , Amir Houmansadr

Graph plays a significant role in representing and analyzing complex relationships in real-world applications such as citation networks, social networks, and biological data. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs), which have achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Yuhan Li , Zhixun Li , Peisong Wang , Jia Li , Xiangguo Sun , Hong Cheng , Jeffrey Xu Yu