Related papers: Sea ice aging by diffusion-driven desalination
One the major factors determining the development and evolution of atmospheric convection is the sea surface temperature and its variability. Results of this thesis show that state of atmospheric convection impacts the diurnal distribution…
The dynamics of strongly disordered systems becomes extremely slow or glassy at low temperatures, which results in a characteristic aging scenario. This means that the outcome of measurements strongly depends on the history of the system…
We investigate experimentally the formation of the particular ice structure obtained when a capillary trickle of water flows on a cold substrate. We show that after a few minutes the water ends up flowing on a tiny ice wall whose shape is…
The far-from-equilibrium dynamics of glassy systems share important phenomenological traits. A transition is generally observed from a time-homogeneous dynamical regime to an aging regime where physical changes occur intermittently and, on…
We consider the process of convective dissolution in homogeneous and isotropic porous media. The flow is unstable due to the presence of a solute that induces a density difference responsible for driving the flow. The mixing dynamics is…
The control of ice nucleation and growth is critical in many natural and engineering situations. Yet, very few compounds are able to interact directly with the surface of ice crystals. Ice-structuring proteins, found in certain fishes,…
In an effort to understand the dynamics of the Arctic sea-ice edge, we present a simple model of heat and mass transfer in the Fram Strait that reveals some fundamental mechanisms controlling sea-ice extent in the marginal seas and the…
We use tools from statistical physics to develop a stochastic theory for the drift of a single Arctic sea-ice floe. Floe-floe interactions are modelled using a Coulomb friction term, with any change in the thickness or the size of the ice…
Although it has been known for half a century that the physical aging of glasses in experiments is described well by a linear thermal-history convolution integral over the so-called material time, the microscopic definition and…
In this paper we analyze the changes in the microscopic dynamics of a colloidal glass submitted to an oscillatory shear. We use Multispeckle diffusing Wave Spectroscopy to monitor the transient dynamical regimes following a shear…
We present experiments showing that a granular system of small beads does exhibit ageing properties : its maximum stability angle is measured to increase logarithmically with resting time, i.e. the time elapsed before performing the…
I describe a semi-empirical molecular model of the surface attachment kinetics governing ice crystal growth from water vapor as a function of temperature, supersaturation, and crystal mesostructure. An important new hypothesis in this model…
In protoplanetary disks, the water snowline marks the location where ice-rich pebbles sublimate, releasing silicate grains and water vapor. These processes can trigger pile-ups of solids, making the water snowline a promising site for…
The dynamics of dislocations is reported to exhibit glassy properties. We study numerically various versions of 2d edge dislocation systems in the absence of externally applied stress. Two types of glassy behavior are identified: (i)…
We examine the evolution of the snow line in a protoplanetary disc that contains a dead zone (a region of zero or low turbulence). The snow line is within a self-gravitating part of the dead zone, and we obtain a fully analytic solution for…
Planets and their atmospheres are built from gas and solid material in protoplanetary disks. Recent results suggest that solid material like pebbles may contribute significantly to building up planetary atmospheres. In order to link…
Ice is a major component of astrophysical environment - from interstellar molecular clouds through protoplanetary disks to evolved solar systems. Ice and complex organic matter coexist in these environments as well, and it is thought…
Water exhibits rich polymorphism, where more than 20 crystalline phases have been experimentally reported. Five of them are metastable and form at low temperatures by either heating amorphous ice or degassing clathrate hydrates. However,…
The microscopic mechanisms controlling heterogeneous ice nucleation are complex and remain poorly understood. Although good ice nucleators are generally believed to match ice lattice and to bind water, counter examples are often identified.…
We study at the laboratory scale the rupture of thin floating sheets made of a brittle material under a wave-induced mechanical forcing. We show that the rupture occurs where the curvature is maximum and the break-up threshold strongly…